Post-emergence herbicidal studies on weed and soil microbial growth under different establishment methods of lentil (Lens culinaris)
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Date
2022-09
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. PIN - 263145
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at B1-block, Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Center, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand during the rabi season of 2021-22 to study and explore the efficacy of various post-emergence herbicides and their interaction with the tillage practices in reaping greater yields and economic returns.
The experiment was laid out in split-plot design (SPD) with three replications which involved two main factors [Conventional tillage (CT) and Zero tillage (ZT)] and six sub factors with application of herbicides such as [Clodinafop-propargyl 16.5% SC+ Na-acifluorfen 8% EC at 122.5 g/ha (T1), Topramezone 33.6% SC at 20.6 g/ha (T2), Quizalofop-p-ethyl 5% EC at 50 g/ha (T3), Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 10.5% EC at 67.5 g/ha (T4), Hand weeding twice (T5), Weedy check (T6)]. Small seeded lentil variety Pant Lentil-8 was sown on 13th December, 2021 and harvested on 4th April, 2022. The soil of the experimental field was silty clay loam in texture, neutral in pH, high in organic matter content and medium in soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content.
A total of 15 weed species were observed in the field out of which Phalaris minor among the grassy weeds while Rumex acetosella, Chenopodium album, Solanum nigrum, Coronopus didymus and Polygonum plebejum among the broad-leaved weeds were dominant. Zero tillage recorded lower weed density and dry matter accumulation of both grassy and broad-leaved weeds. Among the herbicides, ready-mix application of clodinafop-propargyl 16.5% SC+ Na-acifluorfen 8% EC at 122.5 g/ha was found effective in controlling weeds against quizalofop-p-ethyl and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl which recorded higher weed densities and dry matter accumulation due to their efficacy in controlling grassy weeds only.
Higher crop, root and microbial growth was observed in zero tillage due to favourable soil environment which reflected in the yield whereas, among the herbicidal treatments viz., quizalofop-p-ethyl 5% EC at 50 g/ha recorded higher seed yield due to higher crop, root and microbial growth. Thus, higher profits were also gained in quizalofop-p-ethyl 5% EC 50 g/ha under ZT.
Clodinafop-propargyl 16.5% SC+ Na-acifluorfen 8% EC at 122.5 g/ha and topramezone 33.6% SC 20.6 g/ha though controlled the weeds effectively, fetched lower yields due to the severe phytotoxicity on the lentil crop that resulted in stunted growth of lentil.