Studies on heat stress tolerance in wheat (triticum aestivum L.) by exogenous application of different chemicals
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Date
2018
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Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani
Abstract
A field experiments entitled “Studies on heat stress tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by exogenous application of different chemicals” was conducted at the Research Farm, Wheat and Maize Research Unit, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani(Maharashtra state) during rabi season of the year 2016-17 and 2017-18. The study involved twenty one treatment combinations comprising of three sowing dates in main plot i:e 25th November, 15th December and 5th January and seven chemical treatments in subplot i.e. glycine betaine (600 ppm), salicylic acid (400 ppm), salicylic acid (800 ppm), ascorbic acid (10ppm) +citric acid(1.3%), α- tocopherol (150ppm), KCL 1% and control(no spray) were evaluated in factorial randomized block design with three replications.
Various growth parameters, phenological parameters, biochemical parameters, yield and yield attributing characters were significantly affected due to different sowing dates and chemical treatments. Chemical treatments were given at 3 days before spraying of boot leaf stage, 3 days after spraying of boot leaf stage, 3 days before spraying of grain filling stage, 3 days after spraying of grain filling stage and at harvest during both the years of experimentation and pooled analysis.
Date of sowing 25th November(D1) recorded significantly more plant height, leaf area index, number of tillers per meter row length, chlorophyll content, seed set percentage(%) and total dry mater accumulation per plant (g), days to flag leaf emergence, days to 50 per cent flowering, days to physiological maturity, number of spikes per meter row length, grain yield (g/plant), number of grains per spike, test weight, spike length, grain yield (kg/plot), grain yield (q/ha), protein content (%),carbohydrate content (mg/g) and stomatal frequency as compared to other sowing dates at 3 days after spraying of boot leaf stage, at 3 days after spraying of grain filling stage and at harvest during both the years of experimentation and pooled mean. The cell membrane thermostability (% heat injury) was recorded less on 25th November (D1) sowing date as compared to other sowing dates at 3 days after spraying of boot leaf stage, 3 days after spraying of grain filling stage during both the years of experimentation and pooled mean.
The foliar application of chemical ascorbic acid 10ppm+citric acid 1.3% (T4) was found effective in enhancing the growth parameters, phenological parameters, biochemical parameters, yield and yield attributing characters as compared to other chemical treatments at 3 days after spraying of boot leaf stage, at 3 days after spraying of grain filling stage and at harvest during both the years of experimentation and pooled mean. The cell membrane thermostability (%heat injury) was recorded less with foliar application of chemical ascorbic acid 10 ppm+citric acid 1.3% (T4) as compared to other chemical treatments at 3 days after spraying of boot leaf stage, 3 days after spraying of grain filling stage during both the years of experimentation and pooled mean.
Treatment combination of sowing date 25th November(D1)with the foliar application of chemical ascorbic acid 10 ppm+ citric acid 1.3% (T4) found effective in terms of seed set percentage(%), grain yield(g/plant),grain yield(kg/plot) and grain yield(q/ha) of wheat. Interaction effect of sowing date and chemical treatment on phenological parameters and biochemical parameters was not significant at 3 days before spraying of boot leaf stage, 3 days after spraying of boot leaf stage, 3 days before spraying of grain filling stage, 3 days after spraying of grain filling stage and at harvest during both the years of experimentation and pooled mean.
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