EVALUATION OF CERTAIN NEW INSECTICIDES FOR THEIR EFFICACY AGAINST THE PEST COMPLEX OF BITTER GOURD
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Date
1992
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ANDHRA PRADESH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD
Abstract
Two new organophosphorus insecticides,
acephate (0.1%) and triazophos (0.05%); a synthetic
pyrethroid, fenvalerate (0.02%); an animal derivative
insecticide, cartap hydrochloride (0.05%); plant originated
insecticide, neem gaurd (0.5%); and along with
three conventional insecticides, monocrotophos (0.05%)
and malathion (0.1%) and carbaryl (0.2%) were evaluated
for their efficacy against the pests of bitter gourd
(Momordica charantia), the Epilachna beetle,
Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (F); jassids,
Amrasca biguttula biguttula (I.); fruitfly, Dacus
cucurbitae (C.). In addition the effect of these
insecticides on the natural enemies of the pests was
also assessed. The data on the population of beetle
and jassids were recorded one day prior to spraying and
at one, five and ten days after treatment and the per
cent of fruit damage by fruitfly was recorded at five,
ten and fifteen days after each trea~ment.
Fenvalerate found to be very effective against
Epilachna beetle and jassids; carbaryl followed by
monocrotophos found to be very effective against
fruitfly. However all the insecticides proved to be
significantly superior to control in reducing the populations
of fruitfly, epilachna and jassids. Prolonged
efficacy was observed with fenvalerate, carbaryl and
malathion whereas all other insecticides showed reduced
efficacy. The cost-benefit ratio was highest for fenvalerate.
Incidence of parasatoids and predators was
less and the effect of insecticides on the natural
enemies was not very evident.
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Keywords
fruits, biological interaction, insecticides, organochlorine compounds, monocrotophos, pesticides, genetic processes, costs, crops, benefit-cost ratio