2 Development of synthetic seeds in Zingiber officinale Rosc. for in vitro conservation and exchange of germplasm
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Date
2008
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Abstract
Synthetic seeds were produced from shoot buds of ginger (
Zingiber officinale
Rosc.) to investigate their
in vitro
conversion and storage potential for
in vitro
conservation and germplasm exchange. Of the various concentrations of sodium alginate
(1% - 6%) and the complexation solution of calcium chloride (50 mM – 125 mM), a
combination of 4% soidium alginate and 100 mM was most suitable for formation of
suitable synthetic seeds. The addition of Ca-free Murashige and Skoog basal medium
(MS) plus 3% sucrose to the alginate matrix of synseeds resulted in 100% regrowth,
which was similar to that of un-encapsulated shoot buds. Morphogenic responses of
synseeds to various media/substrates such as, MS medium, MS + 2.5 mg/l BA, ½ MS
medium, ½ MS basal + 2.5 mg/l BA, soilrite mix and soil:Farm Yard Manure (1:1)
was evaluated. Of the six planting media/substrate evaluated, shoot development was
highest in synseeds cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/l BA. The
rooted shoots were retrieved from synseeds in all culture media tested. The percentage
of rooted shoots was highest in MS basal medium. Incubation of synseeds at 25
0
C and
16h light condition exhibited 100% regrowth. Synseeds were dehydrated using air,
sucrose, and silica to decrease the moisture content for storage. Air dehydration (3h)
reduced the moisture content to 38% with 53%regrowth, sucrose dehydration (0.25M
sucrose for 16h) reduced the moisture content to 89% with 53% regrowth and silica
dehydration (4h) reduced the moisture content to 25% with 53% regrowth. The fresh,
air- and sucrose-dehydrated synseeds stored in cryovials for 1 month in dark at 25
0
C to
study their suitability for germplasm exchange. For
in vitro
conservation, synseeds were
stored in cryovials at 25
0
C, 15
0
C and 4
0
C for 3 months. Sucrose-dehydrated synseeds
stored at 25
0
C and 15
0
C remained viable up to 3 months with 13% shoot recovery. In
the sucrose-dehydrated (0.25M for 16h) synseeeds stored at 25
0
C, the shoot recovery
was recorded in 73% synseeds, whereas it was recorded as 53% in fresh synseeds after 1
month of storage in dark. These results coupled with better morphogenic response of
sucrose-dehydrated synseeds in terms of number of shoots/synseed, number of
roots/shoot and root length is highly encouraging for exchange of ginger germplasm.
Plantlets regenerated from synseeds (fresh and 0.25M sucrose-dehydrated) hardened
with 90% survival in
ex vitro
conditions.
Description
T-7976