VARIATION AND ASSOCIATION STUDIES IN GINGER (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)
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Date
2012
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ABSTRACT
The present investigations entitled “Variation and association studies in ginger (Zingiber officinale
Rosc.)” were carried out in a Randomized Block Design with three replications at the Experimental Farm,
Department of Vegetable Science, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP)
during Kharif season of 2011, to evaluate forty genotypes of ginger including one check cultivar i.e. Himgiri for
different traits. The observations were recorded on emergence, number of tillers and leaves per plant, leaf length
and breadth, plant girth and height, length, girth, core diameter and weight of mother, primary and secondary
rhizomes, number of primary and secondary rhizomes per plant, yield per plant and plot/ hectare, incidence of
rhizome rot, dry matter and oleoresin content. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among the
genotypes for all the characters studied. The genotypes SG10-11 (278.00 g), SG10-14 (276.00 g) and SG10-34
(261.20 g) excelled the check Himgiri (213.47 g), however, due to low percentage of emergence and high
incidence of rhizome rot disease in genotypes SG10-14 and SG10-34 yield per plot/ hectare was considerably
reduced. Thus, for rhizome yield per hectare, besides, SG10-11 (240.28 q), genotypes SG10-29 (205.99 q) and
SG10-16 (201.77 q) also excelled the check Himgiri (176.25 q) with the oleoresin content of 3.90, 4.35 and
4.26 %, respectively; which is comparable to the check Himgiri (4.20%) along with lesser incidence of rhizome
rot and other horticultural traits. High heritability coupled with high and moderate genetic gain was observed
for yield per plot/ hectare and weight of mother, primary and secondary rhizomes. Yield per plant was
positively and significantly correlated with number of tillers per plant, leaf length, plant height, length, core
diameter and weight of primary and secondary rhizomes and dry matter recovery, while significantly negative
with incidence of rhizome rot. Among all the traits studied weight of secondary rhizome had maximum positive
direct effect on yield followed by weight of primary rhizome, plant height, oleoresin content and number of
tillers per plant. Further, divergence studies indicated that the average intra cluster distance was maximum in
cluster-III and minimum in IV, whereas, the highest inter cluster distance recorded between cluster-II and III.
Cluster-II performed better for majority of traits. Thus, on the basis of cluster means of different characters,
effective clonal selection can be made for obtaining superior high yielding varieties of ginger.