VARIABILITY STUDIES IN TOMATO
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Date
2014
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Abstract
The genetic parameter for 12 quantitative and qualitative characters were estimated in
a set of germplasm (45 genotypes) at AICRP on vegetable crop, OUAT, Bhubaneswar
following randomized block design with 3 replications during rabi 2013-2014
A wide range of variation for all the characters studied were observed among the
genotypes. The genotypes BT-22-4-1 (V7), BT-442-2 (V1), BT-3 (V28), BT-17-2 (V18) and
BT-437-1-2 (V2) are good yielders among the set of germplasm evaluated and are identified
to be grown in Odisha conditions. Further phenotypes represented truly to genotype. High
estimate of genotypic co-efficient of variation , heritability in broad sense and genetic
advance were observed for the traits such as yield per plant, plant height , Number of fruits
per plant , average fruit weight , number of bunches per plant, number of locules per fruit
suggesting additive gene action for expression of these characters. So direct selection based
on these characters will be more effective in improvement of tomato. Correlation studies
depicted that strong inheritant association between yield per plant with number of bunches per
plant, number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight, length of the fruit and girth of the fruit,
plant height with number of primary branches per plant and TSS, number of primary branches
per plant with number of fruits per bunch and number of fruits per plant, number of fruits per
bunch with number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight with number of locules per fruit,
length of fruit and girth of fruit and number of locules per fruit with girth of the fruit and
length of the fruit with girth of the fruit are important correlated characters contributing
towards fruit yield in tomato. Path analysis study showed that average fruit weight, number of
fruits per plant, number of locules per plant, plant height, number of bunches per plant and
length of the fruit have direct positive effect on fruit yield. By using D2statistics 45 genotypes
were grouped into nine clusters out of which cluster III and cluster VI are more divergent
consisting of seven and two number of genotypes and some valuable heterotic hybrids may be
obtained by hybridization using the parents included in this two divergent clusters. Plant
height contributed maximum towards genetic divergence followed by number of fruits per
plant, average fruit weight and yield per plant.