STUDIES ON CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF RAJASRI BACKYARD POULTRY
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Date
05-11-15
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PVNR TVU
Abstract
In the present study, carcass characteristics, palatability and quality attributes of
Rajasri chicken were studied at 16th, 20th and 24 weeks of age by conducting
experimental trials at the Department of Poultry Science, College of Veterinary Science,
Hyderabad. A total of 144 birds were randomly distributed comprising of 6 males and 6
females in each age group. Data on various carcass characteristics viz., palatability and
quality attributes were recorded.
Age and sex had a significant effect (P<0.05) on all carcass characteristics,
physicochemical and sensory qualities of Rajasri chicken except pH-24 h, WHC and
overall acceptability scores where there was no significant (P<0.05) effect.
Carcass traits such as pre-slaughter weight, carcass weight and dressing
percentage were significantly (P<0.05) higher in male than female in Rajasri chicken at
all the age groups studied and increased significantly with increase in age (from 16 to
24 weeks) in both sexes in the present study.
Yield of edible and inedible offals viz. liver, gizzard, heart, giblet, blood and
feather were significantly (P<0.05) higher in males than females in all the groups
studied and it increased significantly with increase in age (from 16 to 24 weeks) in both
the sexes whereas a gradual increase in head, feet and entire viscera yield were observed
in the both sexes in the present study. Percent inedible offal yield viz. blood, feather, head and feet were significantly (P<0.05) higher in male except the entire viscera yield where it was higher in female at
all the age groups studied. Percent yield of inedible offals was significantly (P<0.05)
decreased with an increase in age (from 16 to 24 weeks) of both sexes in the present
study.Percent edible offal yield viz. liver, gizzard, heart and giblet were significantly
(P<0.05) decreased with increase in age (from 16 to 24 weeks) in female Rajasri
chicken whereas in males percent liver yield decreased significantly (P<0.05) with age,
percent gizzard yield was higher at 20th week followed by 16th and 24th week and a
gradual decrease was observed in percent giblet yield and in percent heart yield was
found to be increased significantly (P<0.05) with increase in age (from 16 to 24 weeks)
in the present study.Yield of cutup parts and percentage yield were calculated based on carcass
weight in both the sexes in present study. Cutup parts viz. neck, wings, breast, back,
thigh and drumstick yield were significantly (P<0.05) higher in male than female
Rajasri chicken at all the age groups studied and it increased significantly (P<0.05) with
increase in age (from 16 to 24 weeks) in the present study.
Physico-chemical and sensory attributes were estimated in both breast and thigh
muscle of either sex at all the age groups. It was observed that pH-24 h and percent WHC was significantly (P<0.05) higher in thigh muscle than breast muscle at all the age groups studied and increased
significantly (P<0.05) with increase in age (from 16 to 24 weeks) in both sexes in the
present study.Muscle fiber diameter was significantly (P<0.05) higher in thigh muscle than
breast muscle in both sexes and male showed higher Muscle Fiber Diameter than
females at all the age groups studied and Muscle Fiber Diameter increased significantly
(P<0.05) with increase in age (from 16 to 24 weeks) in the present study.
Myoglobin content was significantly (P<0.05) higher in thigh muscle than breast
muscle and male showed significantly (P<0.05) higher myoglobin content than female
at all the age groups studied and increased significantly (P<0.05) with increase in age
(from 16 to 24 weeks) in both muscles of either sex in the present study.
Shear force values observed were significantly (P<0.05) higher in thigh muscle
than breast muscle and female showed significantly (P<0.05) higher values than male at
all the age groups studied. Shear Force Values increased significantly (P<0.05) with
increase in age (from 16 to 24 weeks) in both the muscles of either sex in the present
study.Moisture and crude fat percent were significantly (P<0.05) higher in thigh
muscle than breast muscle whereas crude protein and total ash percent were
significantly (P<0.05) higher in breast muscle in both sexes at all the age groups
studied. Moisture, crude protein and total ash percentages were found to be nonsignificantly
higher in male than female where crude fat was higher in female at all the
age groups studied. Crude protein, crude fat and total ash percentages increased
significantly (P<0.05) and moisture percent decreased significantly (P<0.05) with
increase in age (from 16 to 24 weeks) in both the muscles of either sex in the present
study.Sensory scores viz., colour, juiciness, tenderness and flavor varied significantly
(P<0.05) with sex and age, effect on overall acceptability was significantly (P<0.05)
affected by age of the birds, whereas sex did not influence on overall acceptability
scores.Colour, juiciness, flavor and overall acceptability scores were higher in thigh
muscle than breast muscle whereas tenderness scores were found to be higher in breast
than thigh muscle in either sex at all the age groups studied. Male showed significantly
(P<0.05) higher colour, juiciness, flavor scores whereas female recorded significantly
(P<0.05) higher scores for tenderness at all the age groups studied. Overall acceptability
score of thigh was found to be highest in male at 16th week age and lowest in female
thigh at 24th age in the present study.