COMBINING ABILITY, HETEROSIS AND INBREEDING DEPRESSION FOR FRUIT YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
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Date
2016
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Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur
Abstract
The present investigation entitled ʻʻCombining ability, heterosis and inbreeding depression for fruit yield and its components in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)ʼʼ was undertaken from Rabi, 2014 to Rabi, 2015 at Horticulture Research Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.) to study type of gene action involved for total fruit yield and its components, to ascertain the magnitude of heterosis and inbreeding depression, to estimate the general combining ability and specific combining ability of parents and crosses, respectively and finally to study the association of fruit yield and its contributing traits in segregating generation (F2 ).
The experimental material comprised of six genotypes as diverse lines and four broad
base testers. Combining ability studies by using Line x Tester analysis which consists of six lines and four testers viz., ITOM-11-1, ITOM-11-3, ITOM-11-6, ITOM-11-11, ITOM-11-12, ITOM-11-14 and Pusa Ruby, Kashi Anupam, Pant T-3 and Cherry Tomato-1, respectively
for total fruit yield and its components, revealed the involvement of both additive and non- additive gene action. By using best general combiner namely ITOM-11-1, ITOM-11-12 have been identified for earliness and short duration, ITOM-11-11, ITOM-11-12 for higher fruit yield whereas, Kashi Anupam and Cherry Tomato-1 have been used as broad base tester for fruit yield and its component for tomato improvement programme.
Relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis were estimated for fruit yield and its components, were found high to moderate for most of the characters studied. High per se performance, remarkable heterosis and significant sca effect was expressed in the following crosses viz., ITOM-11-11/Kashi Anupam, ITOM-11-3/Kashi Anupam, ITOM-11-12/Kashi Anupam, ITOM-11-6/Kashi Anupam and ITOM-11-1/Kashi Anupam with higher yield in F2 generation. This revealed that, these crosses may be useful to enhance the frequency of transgressive seggregants and providing better chance for selection of desirable tomato genotypes.
The association analysis revealed that number of fruits per cluster, number of fruits per plant, fruit girth, days to first harvest, plant height, pericarp thickness, average fruit weight and fruit length should be considered, while making selection strategies for the improvement of total fruit yield and its components in tomato. Molecular marker based characterization of 30 different genotypes revealed low level of similarity among genotypes, whereas, Kashi Amrit, Arka Rakshak, Cherry Tomato-1x CO-3-1-2, VL TOMATO-3, Cherry Tomato-1 x CO-3-1-4, Cherry Tomato- 4 x Pant T-3-1, D-1-1, INDUS-1030, No. 28, ITOM-
11-18-1, Cherry Tomato-4 x Pant T-3-5 and ITOM-11-2-2 showed 87% similarity.
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209 p.