Ameliorative Effect of Moringa Oleifera On Sodium Fluoride Induced Toxicity In Wistar Rats
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Date
41900
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MAFSU
Abstract
The present study was conducted in 36 Wistar rats, weighing around 150-
200 g which was divided into six groups (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6) each comprising
of six rats. The prime objectives of experiment was to study the ameliorative
effect of Moringa oleifera on sodium fluoride induced toxicity in Wistar rats. Fluoride toxicity was induced by administering sodium fluoride @ 20 mg/kg body
weight. T1 served as negative control which received normal saline only. T2
served as positive control received sodium fluoride @ 20 mg/kg body weight
only, T3 received ascorbic acid @ 200 mg/kg body weight and treatment was
given to T4, T5 and T6 with different doses viz. 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg b. w of
aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera respectively along with sodium fluoride. The
blood was collected after 28 days for haematological and serum biochemical
study and then all the rats were sacrificed for lipid peroxidation and
histopathological studies.
All the treatment groups produced significant result in haematological
parameters by increasing WBC, Hb and PCV level while no significant changes
were seen in RBC count.
Fluoride elevated the enzymes like SGOT, SGPT and SALP. It indicated
liver injury. All treatments (T4, T5 and T6) proved effective by decreasing the
activities of these enzymes. The amount of total protein, albumin and globulin
also decreased in T2 group. Aqueous extract treatment resulted in a significant
way by increasing the content of total protein.
Lipid peroxidation in kidney and liver was assessed by increased level of
TBARS, lipid hydro peroxidase and decreased activities of SOD, catalase and
glutathione peroxidase. The content of glutathione also decreased in both
organs. Aqueous extract at all the three doses viz. 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg b.w.
decreased lipid peroxidation in both organs by improving the activities of
antioxidant enzymes and decreasing the level of TBARS and lipid hydro
peroxidase. The glutathione content also improved in both organs. The activities
of antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and
catalase also improved in all treatment groups.
Fluoride induced morphological changes in liver and kidney. Predominant
hepatic histopathological alterations were severe degenerative changes resulting
in reduction of sinusoidal space, focal necrosis and vacuolization of hepatocytes.
In kidney nephrotic changes including degenerative changes in tubular
epithelium, interstitial haemorrhage, vacuolar changes and destruction of
glomeruli. Bowman’s space was also found to be distended with haemorrhage
were noticed in fluoride administered group. Histopathological alterations in T3,
T4, T5 and T6 were similar to T2 but of milder degree. By using aqueous extract
complete reversal of the toxic changes were obtained. The overall inference of the study is that the aqueous extract at all the doses viz. 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg
b.wt used showed ameliorative effect on the damage caused by fluoride induced
toxicity.