Effect of phosphorus and sulphur on yield and quality of soybean (Glycine max L. Merill) under ‘Eutrochrepts’
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Date
2015
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Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at KVK, Srinagar during two consecutive kharif seasons of 2010 and 2011 to study the “Effect of phosphorus and sulphur on yield and quality of soybean (Glycine max L. Merill) under Eutrochrepts”. The experiment was laid down under 16 treatment combinations viz four levels of phosphorus (0, 30, 60, 90 kg P2O5 ha-1) and four levels of sulphur (0, 15, 30, 45 kg S ha-1) in randomized complete block design with three replications .The soil of the experimental site was typic Eutrochrepts, silty clay loam in texture having pH 7.18, EC 0.18 dSm-1, organic carbon 0.74 per cent, available N, P, K 250.52, 11.45, 120.62, kg ha-1, respectively. Soil was sufficient in available Fe, Cu, Mn and deficient in available Zn and sulphur. Total and organic phosphorus content in soil was 345 and 173 ppm, respectively while as total and organic sulphur content was 232 and 162 ppm, respectively. Both seed and stover yield of soybean increased significantly due to individual as well as combined application of phosphorus and sulphur. Highest soybean seed and stover yield of 23.26 and 41.53 q ha-1 was recorded with 90 kg P2O5 ha-1. Application of 45 kg S ha-1 recorded highest seed and stover yield of 22.25 and 39.36 q ha-1. Combined application of 45 kg S with 90 kg P2O5 produced highest seed (24.39 q ha-1) and stover (43.51 q ha-1) yield of soybean. Application of increasing levels of both phosphorus and sulphur resulted in a significant increase in macro and micronutrient content of soybean seed. With application of 90 kg P2O5 ha-1, maximum nutrient content of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in seed was 6.42, 0.56, 1.876, 0.324 0.440, 0.466 per cent, respectively while as Fe, Cu, Mn was 100.01, 2.86 and 3.74 mg kg-1, respectively. At higher levels of phosphorus application, Zn content of seed decreased and it was maximum at 30 kg P2O5 ha-1. With application of 45 kg S ha-1, N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S content in seed was 6.54, 0.555, 1.881, 0.329, 0.434 and 0.501 per cent respectively while as Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn was 109.99, 99.96, 2.82 and 3.73 mg kg-1, respectively. A significant interaction between P and S on macro as well as micronutrient content except Zn in seed was observed. Combined application of phosphorus and sulphur further enhanced the nutrient content of soybean seed. Combined application of phosphorus and sulphur enhanced the crude protein and oil content in soya seed. Highest content of protein (41.92%) and oil (22.04%) in seed was recorded with the application of 45 kg S and 90 kg P2O5 ha-1. Individual as well as interaction effect of P and S was significant in enhancing the sulphur containing amino acids viz., cystine cystein and methionine content of soybean seed. Highest content of cystine (0.98%), Cystein (1.03%) and methionine (0.98%) was observed with application of 45 kg S with 90 kg P2O5 ha-1. Combined application of 45 kg S and 90 kg P2O5 ha-1 recorded significantly higher carbohydrate content (23.49%) in soybean seed. Application of increasing levels of phosphorus and sulphur resulted in gradual increase in linoleic (Omega-6) and linolenic acid (Omega-3) of soya oil with maximum content of 54.35 and 7.68 per cent, respectively at 45 kg S and 90 kg P2O5 ha-1 application. Application of phosphorus and sulphur improved the available nutrient content in soil at harvest. Total, organic and sulphate sulphur ranged from 224.72-263.66, 152.87-183.56 and 8.28-9.75 ppm at harvest under different treatment combinations, respectively. Total, organic and available phosphorus at harvest ranged from 336.00-370.90, 167.55-184.60 and 4.70-7.28 ppm, respectively under different treatment combinations. An increase in different forms of phosphorus and sulphur in soil was observed at harvest with the application of both phosphorus and sulphur