GENETIC DIVERSITY AND ASSOCIATION STUDIES FOR FRUIT YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN BRINJAL (Solanum melongena L.)

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Date
2010
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Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Genetic diversity and association studies for fruit yield and components in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)” was carried out at Horticultural, Research cum Instructional Farm, College of Agriculture, IGKV, Raipur (C.G.) during kharif 2009-2010 with 24 genotypes of brinjal in Randomized Completely Block Design with three replications. The analysis of variance indicated that the mean sum of squares for all the characters are highly significant. High estimates of PCV coupled with GCV were recorded in average fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, number of fruits per cluster, number of flowers per cluster, fruit length and fruit girth. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean were observed for average fruit weight, fruit length, fruit girth, number of fruits per plant, number of fruits per cluster, number of flowers per cluster. Fruit yield per plant exhibited highly significant positive association with days to first flower, days to 50% flowering, average fruit weight, fruit girth and days to maturity at both the genotypic and phenotypic levels. Fruit girth, number of fruits per plant, days to first flower, number of flowers per cluster, total soluble solids, fruit stalk length and fruit stalk length exhibited positive direct effect on fruit yield at genotypic level whereas, at phenotypic level, Fruit girth, number of fruits per plant, days to first flower, days to maturity, number of flowers per cluster, average fruit weight and fruit length showed positive direct effect on fruit yield. In addition to this, number of fruits per cluster showed high negative direct effect on fruit yield at genotypic level. Genetic divergence analysis revealed that cluster III had highest number of genotypes (11). The maximum intra-cluster distance was obtained in cluster III while, inter-cluster distance was highest between cluster II and IV. Cluster I exhibited high cluster mean value for fruit stalk length and fruit length whereas, cluster II showed high cluster mean value for days to first flower, days to 50% flowering, fruit girth and average fruit weight. The maximum contributions towards total genetic divergence were obtained from average fruit weight, fruit length, number of fruits per plant, days to maturity, plant height and number of flowers per cluster. Among the genotypes evaluated, IGB-74 was found best for fruit yield per plant, number of branches per plant, number of fruits per cluster, number of fruits per plant and total soluble solids whereas, IGB-66 recorded highest average fruit weight. Maximum fruit length recorded in Pusa purple long, fruit stalk length found maximum in Muktakeshi, earliest days to first flowering and days to 50% flowering was noted in IGB-75. Hence, these genotypes could be utilized as parents or as direct utilization in the form of open pollinated variety suitable for Agro-climatic conditions of Chhattisgarh.
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104 p.
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