Interaction Between Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Lycopersici and Meloidogyne incognita In Tomato
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Date
2012
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Publisher
UAS, Dharwad
Abstract
Tomato is an important warm season vegetable crop of the world as well as
India and Karnataka State. Among the nematode diseases, root knot caused by
Meloidogyne incognita is a major constraint limiting the commercial production of
the crop in many parts of the world including India, because it interacts with a
vascular wilt fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici leading to augmentation
of wilt disease severity. Against this background, the present investigation was
undertaken.
In interaction studies, nematode inoculation 7 days prior to fungus inoculation
caused high disease with highest number of galls per root system, while there was no
significant difference in wilting percentage and number of galls between nematode
inoculation 14 days prior to fungus inoculation and inoculation of both the pathogens
simultaneously. But either fungus or nematode-alone inoculation or fungus preceding
nematode inoculation by 7 or 14 days, recorded lowest wilting percentage and number
of galls per root system.
Studies on reaction of tomato genotypes/lines in a disease complex scenario
(comprising Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici and Meloidogyne incognita)
showed that six, out of twenty eight cultivars/lines, viz. Pusa Ruby, DMT-1, DMT-4,
L-2, L-15 and V-47 recorded highly susceptible to disease complex. Only three
cultivars namely L-5, L-18 and IMP-B showed moderately resistant reaction against
only Meloidogyne incognita, remaining rest of the cultivars were with moderately
susceptible reaction.
In an effort to find out seed treatment-based management options to manage
the disease complex seeds treated with Paecilomyces lilacinus significantly decreased
per cent wilt incidence followed by Pseudomonas sp. strain-50 and chemical
carbosulfan. But with respect to reduction in number of galls, Calotropis latex was
most effective followed by Pseudomonas sp. strain-50 and Neem seed kernel powder.
In general, Pseudomonas sp. strain-50 was superior in managing wilt complex
disease.