STUDIES ON GENETIC DIVERSITY AND GENOTYPE BY TRAIT BIPLOT ANALYSIS FOR YIELD AND DROUGHT RELATED TRAITS IN MUNGBEAN (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)
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Date
2014
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ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out during rabi, 2013-14 at wet land farm, Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati to study variability parameters, genetic divergence and genotype by trait biplot analysis for yield, yield contributing traits and drought related traits among thirty one genotypes of mungbean.
The analysis of variance indicated existence of significant genotypic differences for all the traits under study. The genotypes LGG 450, KM 122, GIVT 203, TM 96-2 and MGG 350 showed high mean performance for yield. Similarly, the genotypes WGG 2, MGG 347, EC 396117, MGG 350 and Asha showed better performance for the drought parameters. The genotypes LGG 450 and MGG 350 performed well for both yield and drought tolerance traits.
High GCV combined with high heritability was observed for chlorophyll content, whereas moderate GCV with high heritability was observed for plant height, number of pods per plant, 100 seed weight, relative injury, chlorophyll stability index and specific leaf area. Hence, there is less environmental influence on these traits, which provides ample scope for improvement by simple selection procedures. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for number of pods per plant, 100 seed weight, relative injury, chlorophyll stability index and chlorophyll content indicating the
preponderance of additive gene action. Simple selection procedures would therefore be more effective for improvement of these characters.
Genetic diversity studies indicated the existence of significant diversity among thirty one mungbean genotypes that were grouped into ten clusters. Cluster one was largest with nineteen genotypes followed by cluster II with four genotypes. The clusters III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX and X were solitary clusters. Cluster I had maximum intra-cluster distance while inter-cluster distance was highest between clusters VII and X followed by cluster III and X, cluster I and X and cluster VI and X. Hybridization between genotypes belonging to different clusters viz., Pusa Vishal x EC 396117 (cluster VII x cluster X), Asha x EC 396117 (cluster III x cluster X), LGG 450 x EC 396117 (cluster I x cluster X), KM 122 x EC 396117 (cluster I x cluster X), MGG 347 x EC 396117 (cluster I x cluster X) and MGG 295 x EC 396117 (cluster VI x cluster X) could be suggested for genetic improvement of yield as well as drought tolerance. Chlorophyll content contributed relatively maximum towards genetic divergence followed by relative injury, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity and seed yield.
The genotype-by-trait biplot analysis revealed that the genotypes LGG 450, KM 122, AKM 9904 and TM 96-2 showed superior performance for seed yield as well as yield contributing traits, whereas, the genotypes PUSA 9531, LGG 528, Asha, MGG 347, IPM-02-03, KM-8-657, WGG 2, ML 267, COGG 974, LGG 410 and MH-3-18 showed superior performance for drought related traits. Hence, crosses involving these two categories of genotypes may result in the production of drought tolerant genotypes coupled with high seed yield and yield contributing traits. Genotype-by-trait biplot analysis also revealed that the traits viz., number of pods per plant, number of clusters per plant, days to maturity, plant height, chlorophyll content, specific leaf area, relative injury and chlorophyll stability index were identified as important traits for improvement of yield as well as drought tolerance and these traits would be considered as key components during the selection. The genotype LGG 450 was identified as ideal cultivar as it combines several good traits in its genetic composition and thus could serve as a good parent or combiner when crossed with the other genotypes to derive better cultivars for seed yield and drought tolerance.
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Keywords
genotypes, planting, sowing, genetics, yields, developmental stages, chlorophylls, biological phenomena, weather hazards, heritability, GENETIC DIVERSITY, GENOTYPE, TRAIT BIPLOT, YIELD, DROUGHT, MUNGBEAN, Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek
Citation
149p.