Evaluation of a Mini Core Set of Germplasm in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Loading...
Files
Date
2005
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
UAS, Dharwad
Abstract
Groundnut breeding programmes have mainly used elite breeding lines and cultivars
leading to narrow-genetic base. Lack of proper characterization and evaluation is the major
reason for limited use of germplasm. Extensive evaluation of core collections facilitates
better access to germplasm for use in crop improvement.
A minicore subset of world germplasm comprising 188 accessions was evaluated
for morphological and agronomic characteristics to estimate phenotypic diversity and to
identify potential germplasm for crop improvement. Seven morphological descriptors viz.,
stem hairiness, branching pattern, leaf let shape, seed colour, pod beak, pod constriction and
pod reticulation and 6 agronomical traits viz., yield per plant, shelling percentage, sound
mature kernel, test weight, late leaf spot and protein content contributed significantly to
multivariate polymorphism. Shannon-Weaver diversity index revealed more diversity for pod
reticulation and stem pigmentation in Valencia; pod reticulation and leaf let shape in Virginia
runner; pod beak, pod constriction, pod reticulation and flower colour in Virginia bunch and
Aspergillus seed colonization in spanish bunch and Virginia bunch. The accessions ICG
1862, 3240 and 12697 for yield, ICG 5662, 6027, 8760 and 9777 for test weight, ICG 13787
and ICG 14985 for resistance to Aspergillus and ICG 6027 and ICG 11088 for low lectin
activity were found significantly superior for different traits.
The material was also subjected to RAPD assay using twenty primers to assess molecular
diversity. The polymorphism per primer ranged from 57 to 100 percent. The genetic
similarity (Sij) ranged from 0.21 to 0.93. Some accessions with diverse DNA profiles (ICG
8760 with ICG 442, 1274, 6402 and GPBD-4 with ICG 2381 and ICG 1274 with ICG 12189)
were identified for mapping and genetic enhancement in groundnut.
Description
Keywords
Genetics and Plant Breeding