PERFORMANCE OF CLUSTERBEAN VARIETIES AT VARIED CROP GEOMETRY
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Date
2014
Authors
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ACHARYA N. G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY. RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at College farm, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural
University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during kharif 2013-14 to study the “Performance of
clusterbean varieties at varied crop geometry” The experiment was laid out in factorial
randomized block design with three replications to evaluate the performance of promising
varieties of clusterbean (V1- RGC 1025 ,V2- HGS 365, V3- RGC 936 and V4- RGC 1017)
and to standardize the crop geometry levels (S1- 30 x 7.5 cm, S2- 30 x 10 cm, S3- 37.5 x 10
cm and S4- 45 x 10 cm) under rainfed semi arid conditions of Andhra Pradesh. The
weekly mean maximum and minimum temperature during crop growth period was 30.8°C
and 22.0°C respectively and total rainfall received during crop growth period was 475.3
mm in 33 rainy days. Crop was sown on 26 June 2013 at varied crop geometry and each
variety was harvested according to their duration as variety RGC 1025, HGS 365 were
harvested at 98 DAS while RGC 936 and RGC 1017 were harvested at 90 and 105 DAS
respectively, The experimental soil was sandy clay loam in texture, slightly alkaline in
reaction, low in organic matter, available nitrogen, phosphorus and medium in available
potassium.
There were no significant differences among varieties in respect of initial and final
plant population of crop. The results indicated that among the four varieties tested plant
height, dry matter accumulation, leaf area, number of branches plant-1 and crop growth rate
(CGR) of RGC 1025 variety was significantly higher as compared to other varieties
followed by RGC 936, HGS 365 respectively, RGC 1017 showed inferior performance
regarding to growth parameters. The variety RGC 936 maintained higher relative growth
rate and net assimilation rate compared to rest of the varieties. Regression coefficient (R2 =
0.7) showed positive association between different phenophases and growing degree days.
Among the yield attributes, number of pods cluster-1 were higher with HGS 365
and number of clusters plant-1, pods plant-1 and test weight were higher with RGC 1025
closely followed by RGC 936 which were inturn significantly higher over HGS 365 and
RGC 1017. Number of seeds pod-1 observed non significant due to varieties. Variety RGC
936 recorded earlier 50 per cent flowering and maturity followed by RGC 1025 and
Similarly, Seed, stalk, gum and protein yield were significantly higher with variety RGC
1025 which was distinctly superior over other varieties and followed by RGC 936, HGS
365 and RGC 1017 respectively, However, RGC 936 found to be higher gum producing
variety while protein content was higher with HGS 365. NPK content was found non
significant due to varieties and crop geometry in seed and stalk but NPK uptake was
significantly higher with variety RGC 1025 compared to rest of the varieties. Maximum
gross returns (₹ 28407 ha-1), net returns (₹13833 ha-1) and benefit-cost ratio (1.94) were
obtained with high yielding variety RGC 1025 and closely followed by RGC 936 while
lowest with RGC 1017.
Plant population of clusterbean significantly varied with crop geometry as highest
and lowest under closer crop geometry of 30 x 7.5 cm and 45 x 10 cm respectively,
Clusterbean performed well under closer crop geometry i e. 30 x 7.5 cm and almost similar
results were obtained under 30 x 10 cm compared to wider crop geometry 45 x10 cm
regarding growth parameters like plant height, dry matter accumulation, leaf area and crop
growth rate while higher values of relative growth rate and net assimilation rate recorded
under wider crop geometry 45 x 10 cm both parameters were on peak at 45 to 70 DAS and
declined towards maturity
Among the geometry levels, yield attributing characters like number of pods
cluster-1, clusters plant-1, pods plant-1, thousand seed weight were higher under wider crop
geometry 45 x 10 cm which was significant over narrow crop geometry 30 x 7.5 cm but
seed, stalk, gum, protein yield and NPK uptake was higher under narrow crop geometry 30
x 7.5 cm which was at par with 30 x 10 cm and lowest at 45 x 10 cm which was mainly
due to yield compensation at narrow geometry by higher plants per unit area. Gum and
protein content was found non significant due to crop geometry and interaction of varieties
and crop geometry. Maximum Gross return, net return and benefit cost ratio was at closer
geometry 30 x 7.5 cm and was at par with geometry level of 30 x 10 cm and lower values
were obtained at wider geometry (45 x 10 cm)
Interaction effect of variety RGC 1025 at geometry level 30 x 7.5 cm was higher
regarding to growth parameters like plant height, dry matter accumulation, leaf area at all
the growth stages almost similar results were obtained with RGC 936 at same level of
geometry (30 x 7.5 cm). Highest number of clusters plant-1, pods plant-1 were observed
with variety RGC 1025 under spacing of 30 x 10 cm and on par with RGC 936 at wider
crop geometry 45 x 10 cm but only pods cluster-1 was highest with variety HGS 365 under
all the crop geometries and also thousand seed weight was highest with RGC 1025 grown
under spacing of 45 x10 cm all yield attributes were lower with RGC 1017 under closer
spacing 30 x 7.5 cm
Though, yield attributes were higher with varieties under wider crop geometry,
variety RGC 1025 performed well under narrow crop geometry 30 x 7.5 cm followed by
same variety (RGC 1025) at 30 x 10 cm and RGC 936 at 30 x 7.5 cm spacing regarding to
seed, stalk gum, protein yields and N, P and K uptake. Interaction of gum and protein
content was found to be non significant.
Gross return, net returns and benefit cost ratio were higher with variety RGC 1025
variety at 30 x 7.5 cm followed by RGC 936 at same level of crop geometry. Therefore, for
realizing maximum seed yield, RGC 1025 variety with closer crop geometry (30 x 7.5 or
30 x 10 cm) may be adopted in sandy loam soils in semi arid regions of Andhra Pradesh.
Weather parameters (Rainfall & Temperature) had non significant positive
correlation with growth, yield attributes and yield of clusterbean varieties. Plant height
(0.8**), pods plant-1 (0.8**) showed significant positive correlation with pods plant-1 and
seed yield.
Description
Keywords
CLUSTERBEAN, VARIETIES, VARIED, CROP, GEOMETRY