PHYTATE REDUCTION BY MIPS GENE SILENCING IN SOYBEAN
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Date
2012
Authors
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Journal ISSN
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Publisher
IARI, DIVISION OF BIOCHEMISTRY
Abstract
Soybean seeds accumulate raffinosaccharides (RFOs) and phytic acid throughout development and maturation. The three major sugars found in soybean seeds are sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose; these three sugars make up 99% of the sugars found in soybean seeds. Consumption of RFOs from mature seed products results in flatulence in humans and nonruminants in addition to reduced digestibility in chickens and pigs. Phytic acid, the heat stable anti-nutritional factor forms 75% of the total phosphorous (P) in soybean seeds. It acts as strong chelating agent binding to metal ions reducing the bioavailability of Fe, Zn, Mg and Ca in human and nonruminant livestock. RFOs and phytin can result in reduction of the digestibility and the economic, environmental and dietary value of soybean seeds. The effect of gamma (γ) irradiation and EMS treatment on the levels of RFOs, phytic acid and antioxidant activity in thirty four bulked mutant populations of soybean seed was investigated. In M10 generation, four mutants with RFOs content ranging from 0.29 to 0.43 g/100g and phytic acid content ranging from 0.60 to 0.81 g/100g with slightly increased antioxidant activity were identified. These mutants showed as much as 60% reduction in RFOs and 40% reduction in seed phytate content compared to respective controls. Low phytic acid lines, however, had much higher inorganic ‘P’ (Pi) concentration
than the seeds of the normal lines. Reducing RFOs and phytic acid accumulation in soybean seeds might result in an increase in the metabolizable energy in soybean feed and reduce flatulence in humans.
Description
T-8721
Keywords
Antioxidant activity · EMS · Gamma irradiation · Phytic acid · RFOs · Soybean.