EFFECT OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY PARAMETERS OF CLUSTER BEAN (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taub) cv. Pusa Navabahar
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Date
2003
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ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at the Students Farm, College of
Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad to study the effect of nitrogen and
phosphorus on growth, yield and quality parameters of cluster bean (Cyamopsis
tetragonoloba L. Taub) using the cultivar Pusa Navabahar.
The experiment was laid out in a factorial RBD with 16 treatments
replicated thrice. The treatments consisted of four levels of nitrogen (0, 20, 40
and 60 kg ha-1), four levels of phosphorus (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1) and their
combinations. Nitrogen and phosphorus were applied in the form of urea and
single super phosphate respectively. Observations on growth, yield and quality
characters were recorded.
Plant height increased with increase in level of nitrogen (0 to 60 kg ha-1)
and phosphorus (0 to 90 kg ha-1) at all the stages of crop growth.
Number of days taken to first flowering, 50 per cent flowering and first
harvesting increased with increase in the rate of application of nitrogen but
showed reduction with the increase in application of phosphorus, but their
interaction effects were non significant.
The yield attributing characters like number of pods per clusters, number
of clusters per plant, 100 pod weight, fresh pod yield, test weight and seed yield
was influenced by higher doses (60 kg ha-1) of nitrogen and (90 kg ha-1)
phosphorus. However 100 fresh pod weight, pod yield, test weight and seed yield
could not significant effect of N x P interaction, but maximum values were
observed at N60P90.
Dry matter per hectare significantly increased by nitrogen and phosphorus
application at final harvest. Higher levels of nitrogen (60 kg N ha-1) and
phosphorus (90 kg P2O5 ha-1) recorded maximum dry matter production at final
harvest and interaction effects was also significant.
The pod quality characters like protein content and reducing sugars
showed an increasing trend with increase in level of nitrogen upto 60 kg ha-1 and
phosphorus upto 90 kg ha-1 and their combination. Protein content and reducing
sugars was recorded in N60P90 level.
Nitrogen and phosphorus uptake by the plant also increased with
increasing levels of nitrogen (60 kg ha-1) and phosphorus (90 kg ha-1). The
interactions were also significant and maximum uptake was recorded at N60P90
level.
From the present study it is concluded that nitrogen at higher level (60 kg
N ha-1) and phosphorus at higher level (90 kg P2O5 ha-1) is recommended for
obtaining optimum yield and quality pods in cluster bean.
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Keywords
NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, GROWTH, YIELD, QUALITY, PARAMETERS, CLUSTER BEAN