GENETIC DIVERSITY STUDIES IN SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.)
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Date
2005
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ACHARYA N. G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD
Abstract
In the present investigation, fifty seven genotypes of sesame were evaluated
for genetic divergence, genetic variability, character association and path
coefficient analysis. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design
with three replications during kharif 2004, at College farm, College of Agriculture,
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad.
Analysis of variance indicated the existence of significant genotypic
differences for all the thirteen characters. Among the genotypes studied Swetha
Thil, YLM-17 and YLM-11 showed high mean performance for seed yield as well
as for most of the yield components.
Genetic divergence studies by Mahalanobis’s D2 analysis indicated the
existence of significant diversity in fifty seven sesame genotypes which were
grouped into eight clusters. The characters chlorophyll content, number of capsules
per plant, plant height and days to maturity contributed maximum towards genetic
divergence. The clusters II, IV, V and VII recorded high mean values for seed
yield and they were highly divergent from each other. Hence, crosses made
between genotypes selected from the clusters II, IV, V and VII are recommended
to obtain increased productivity as well as to exploit maximum heterosis.
The studies of genetic variability revealed high phenotypic and genotypic
coefficients of variation, heritability and genetic advance as per cent of mean for
total dry matter production per plant, number of capsules per plant, plant height,
number of seeds per capsule and days to 50 per cent flowering indicating that
simple selection can be practiced for improving these characters.
Character association studies indicated the highly significant positive
correlation of oil content, harvest index, total dry matter production per plant,
1000-seed weight, number of seeds per capsule, number of effective primaries per
plant, number of capsules per plant, chlorophyll content and capsule length with
seed yield and among themselves. Hence, improvement of these characters would
simultaneously improve the seed yield. Path coefficient analysis revealed that total
dry matter production per plant, harvest index and number of seeds per capsule
were the important attributes in formulating selection criterion for effective
improvement of seed yield.
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Keywords
GENETIC, DIVERSITY, STUDIES, SESAME