Effect of Growth Regulators and Plant Nutrients on Sex Expression, Fruit Set and Yield in Cashew (Anacardium occidentaie L. )

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Date
1989
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ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD.
Abstract
An investIgatlon was under taken durIng 1998-99 at Cashew Research Station Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University, to study the affect of different plant growth regulators and plant nutrients sprayed twice and thrice on sex expression, fruit set, retention and yield of cashew cv. Tree No - ;9. There was s1gnificant reduction in the rat10 of staminate to perfect flower production with double sprays at lower concentrat1ons of l,4-0, ethre1 and NAA treatments. Triple sprays of KNO~ and boron treatments also had eignlficant effect. Percentage of fruit set had recorded a s&gn&f&cant Increase over control by tr1ple sprays of growth regulators at higher concentrat&ons, and with double sprays of ztnc and boron each at 0., per cent concentration. As for fruit retent1on, growth regulator treatments VIZ., double spray of ethrel, NAA and CCC have showed positive Influence, while plant nutrients proved to be ineffecttve. Oays taken from flowering to fruit setttng was minimum w1th CCC <1000 ppm) and ethrel <100 ppm> double sprays. while plant nutrients recorded vartable responses. Oays to fru1t matur1ty from fruit setting was reduced by '00 ppm CCC treatment while plant nutrients had little stgntftcant effect. Pantcle length was m1nimum with CCC sprays and showed an Increase with ethrel (100 PPM) and molybdenum (0.0Z per cent> sprays. Mean number of branches par p&n&cle were highest wtth '' ppm NAA. width S&gniftcant and breadth d&fferencas tn wetght, volume, length, of the nuts were nottcad with the dif~ e~ent treatments. However. no ~ixed pattern an the e~~ect on nut characters was observed. In respect of pan1cle y1eld athrel 100 ppm and NAA 100 ppm with double sprays ware the most e~ficient. Correlation studies proved positive aaaoc1ataon between yield and mean number of pe~fect flowers and number of nuts per panacle reachang maturaty. Regression analysts andJcated that the triat number of nuts per pan1cle raach1ng maturaty had stgntftcant impact on y1ald per pantcle of the eleven independent tra1ts studtad. Taktng anto constdaration costs 1ncurred and net returns NAA 100 ppm spray proved to be profitable over 100 ppm athrel.
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Keywords
Effect, Growth, Regulators, Plant, Nutrients, Sex Expression, Fruit Set, Yield, Cashew
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