EFFECT OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS ON THE YIELD, NITRATE REDUCTASE ACTIVITY AND UPTAKE OF NUTRIENTS IN SOYBEAN (Glycine max (L.) Merrill).

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Date
1989
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ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD.
Abstract
A pot culture experiment was conducted in Rabi 1988 on black soil (Typic chromustert) collected from Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh to study the effect of different levels of nitrogen and phosphorus on yield, uptake of nutrients and nitrate reductase activity in Hardee variety of soybean. There were 16 treatment combinations comprising four levels of nitrogen (0, SO, 100 and 200 kg N ha-1 ) and four levels of phosphorus (0, SO, 100 and 200 -1 . kg P2os ha ) replicated six times in split plot design. Application of graded levels of chemical nitrogen And phosphorus in general gradually increased the drymatter production at 30 DAS, haulm yield at harvest and seed yield from 0 to 100 kg ha -1 each and maximum seed yield was -1 obtained when applied combinedly @ 100 kg N+lOO kg P2o5 ha . The uptake of nutrients viz., N, P, K, s' Ca, Mg, Fe and c !.l by haulm at harvest and by seed increased with increasing levels of N and P upto 100 kg ha -1 each and it was maximum when applied combinedly @ 100 kg N+100 kg P2o5 ha -1 . However, Mn and Zn uptakes were maximum at 100 kg N + 50 kg P 2o5 ha-~ and 100 kg N + 0 kg P2o5 ha-1 respectively. Nitrate reductase activity in leaf increased with increasing levels of N and P2o5 upto 100 kg ha-1 each and maximum activity was obtained with the combined application of 100 kg N + 100 kg P -1 2o5 ha . Nitrate reductase was maximum at 30 DAS compared to 45 DAS and 60 DAS. activity Protein content increased with increasing levels of N and P2o5 upto 100 kg ha-1 each and was highest at 100 kg N + 100 kg P -1 2o5 ha Nitrogen fertilization decreased the oil content while phosphorus fertilization increased it. Nitrogen fertilization decreased significnatly the palmitic, stearic and oleic acids but increased the linoleic and linolenic acid contents while phosphorus fertilization resulted in significant increase in palmitic, stearic and oleic acid contents while the trend was irregular with linoleic and linolenic acids. The multiple correlations worked out between seed yield and uptake of nutrien~s by haulm at harvest; seed yield and uptake of nutrients by seed; seed yield and nitrate reductase activty at ยท30 DAS, 45 DAS and 60 DAS; uptake of nutrients by seed and nitrate reductase activity at 30 DAS_, 45 DAS and 60 DAS; seed yield and yield attributing chracters (seeds pot: -1 and pods pot -1 ) and nitrate reducatase activity at 30 DAS, 45 DAs and 60 DAS and protein content were positive and significant. Among the fatty . acid components, stearic acid was positively and significantly correlated with oleic acid, while linoleic acid was positively and significantly correlated with linolenic acid. Palmitic acid was significantly and negatively correlated with linoleic and linolenic acids. Stearic acid was negatively and significantly correlated with linoleic and linolenic acids. The correlations between total saturated fatty acids (palmitic acid + stearic acid) and total unsaturated fatty acids (oleic + linoleic + linolenic acids) were ~egative -~ significant. Total unsaturated fatty acids (oleic + linoleic + linolenic acids) were negatively and significantly correlated with individual saturated fatty acids viz., stearic acid and palmitic acid.
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EFFECT, NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, YIELD, NITRATE, REDUCTASE, ACTIVITY, NUTRIENTS, SOYBEAN
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