Metabolic profiling, therapeutic and prophylactic studies on metabolic diseases in crossbred cows from Punjab
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Date
2014-03-31
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Abstract
The present study was planned to establish the baseline CMPT profile in crossbred cows from four districts of Punjab (Amritsar, Bathinda, Ludhiana and Moga). A total of 166 cows were sampled thrice during different stages of periparturient period viz. (i) Far off dry (FOD)- >10 days following dry off and not < 30 days prior to calving, (ii) Close up dry (CUD)- Between 3 and 21 days prior to calving,(iii) Fresh- 3- 30 days in milk, from 11 organized dairy farms for the estimation of various haematological parameters viz. haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total erythrocyte count (TEC) and total leucocyte count (TLC); plasma biochemical parameters (total plasma proteins (TPP), albumin, plasma urea nitrogen (PUN), creatinine, glucose, Beta hyroxy butyric acid (BHBA) and Non esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and plasma minerals (Ca, Mg, Pi, Na, K, Cu, Fe and Zn) parameters. A total of 27 feed and fodder samples were collected for their proximate analysis and fodder mineral concentrations. The overall Hb, PCV and TEC levels decreased significantly, whereas TLC increased significantly from late pregnancy to early lactation period. The TPP, albumin and glucose levels showed a significant decrease, while the PUN, BHBA and NEFA levels increased significantly during early lactation period. Overall mean plasma levels of Ca, Pi, Cu, Zn, Na and K decreased significantly, while Fe showed non significant decrease, whereas Mg increased non significantly from pre partum to post partum period. A total of 13.25 per cent of cows were found suffering from subclinical ketosis (SCK) and had significantly higher BHBA, NEFA and significantly lower glucose levels as compared to healthy cows. Overall prevalence of Ca, Mg, Pi, Cu, Fe and Zn deficiency was 33.13, 11.44, 26.50, 39.75, 12.65 and 38.55 per cent respectively. The mean LPO level increased, whereas SOD and GSH levels decreased from late pregnancy to early lactation period. Herbal powder “Stress Check” supplementation @ 15 gram/day orally from last 15 days to first 15 days of parturition reduced erythrocytic LPO levels during early lactation period. Propylene glycol feeding @ 200 ml orally for 5 days to SCK cows significantly reduced plasma BHBA, NEFA and significantly increased TPP, glucose and Ca levels and was effective in the treatment of SCK. Feed samples from most of the farms had lower levels of crude protein.
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Crossbred cows, CMPT, subclinical ketosis, BHBA, NEFA, LPO