Morphological and molecular evaluation of thermosensitive genetic male sterile (tgms) lines and their heterotic combinations in rice (oryza sativa l.)
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Date
2015-08
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The present investigation was taken up to evaluate the eighteen TGMS lines for different critical sterility/fertility temperature of TGMS lines, the molecular diversity analysis was based on the SSR primers of these lines. These eighteen TGMS lines were crossed with four testers and identified the best crosses for different yield and yield contributing traits. The field experiment conducted with eighteen TGMS lines, seventy two F1’s and four checks in randomized complete block design with three replications at the Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre of Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar during Kharif 2013 and Kharif 2014.
The Analysis of variance was found significant for all the characters in crosses and line x tester effect. For lines all the traits showed significant difference except plant height, percent spikeletes fertility and 1000 grain weight and for tester the significant difference showed by the plant height, panicle length, spikelet number per panicle, grain number per panicle, percent spikelet fertility and 1000 grain weight. Based on the general combining ability among the lines the four lines TGMS-14, TGMS-17, TGMS-10 and TGMS-18 were best general combiner for number of characters and among the testers Pant Dhan-4, Pant Dhan-12 and UPRI-93-287R were good general combiner for different traits. Based on the marker association study, among these lines only two lines showed unique band by one marker that were TGMS-10 and TGMS-17 with 150bp unique band by RM 276 marker. This may be helpful for identification of good TGMS lines for number of traits and used in hybrid development for getting higher yield. Based on the sca effect and per se performance the common crosses were selected for different traits. The best three crosses for grain yield per plant viz. TGMS-14 × Pant Dhan-4, TGMS-9 × Pant DRR Basmati-1 and TGMS-16 × UPRI-93-287R these may be used for hybrid development. Based on the standard heterosis five economic crosses viz. TGMS-14 × Pant Dhan-4, TGMS-16 × UPRI-93-287R, TGMS-17 × UPRI-93-287R, TGMS-9 × Pant Basmati-1 and TGMS-14 × UPRI-93-287R for grain yield per plant was reported which showed high sca effect and per se performance. Estimates of variance of general combining ability were lower than those of variance of specific combining ability for all the traits showing preponderance of non-additive gene action except panicle length and spikelet number per panicle which showed additive gene action. High estimates of broad sense heritability coupled with high genetic advance for Spikelet number per panicle. For grain yield per plant high heritability coupled with moderate genetic advance indicated the scope of getting better recombinants.
Result on morphological and molecular characterization of TGMS lines showed that, not a single line was observed good for all the traits, different lines good for different traits. Among the eighteen TGMS lines ten lines viz, TGMS-2, TGMS-3, TGMS-4, TGMS-5, TGMS-7, TGMS-8, TGMS-10, TGMS-11, TGMS-14 and TGMS-15 showed complete sterility at average temperature 28.53 to 28.92°C. Therefore, in Pantnagar situation to get complete sterility these lines should be sown in last week of May. These can be used in hybrid development. Based on the molecular genetic diversity data indicated that total of 47 alleles were amplified using sixteen SSR markers in the present study of eighteen TGMS lines all were found polymorphic except for one marker. The range of alleles was 2 - 5, while the average number of alleles per primer was 2.93 and thirteen rare alleles found in different lines. The polymorphic information content (PIC) for these sixteen SSR markers ranged from 0.1780 to 0.3750 with mean value 0.2543. The range of Jaccard’s similarity coefficient was found to vary from 0.46 (TGMS-7 and TGMS-16) to 0.97 (TGMS-11 and TGMS-12). The UPGMA based dendogram constructed using Jaccard’s similarity coefficient of SSR marker data divided eighteen lines into three clusters. Cluster strength varied from minimum of two members to maximum of eleven members in different clusters. Clustering patterns in general revealed that lines with same morphological traits and spikelet fertility and sterility did not occupy the same cluster. The marker based clustering pattern therefore did not show strong correlation with morphological data.
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thesis- PhD
Keywords
plant morphology, molecular markers, thermal properties, sensitivity, male sterility, heterosis, rice, oryza sativa, genetic variation, combining ability