EVALUATION OF NEW INBRED LINES FOR AUTOGAMY, SEED YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.)
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Date
2008
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ACHARYA N. G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD
Abstract
The present investigation was taken up with the primary objective of
evaluating 63 sunflower genotypes including 60 inbred lines and three checks
for autogamy, genetic variability, character association, path analysis and
genetic diversity for seed yield and yield components.
Autogamy studies revealed that hybrids recorded high per se autogamy
and geitonogamy (90.73 %, 89.55 %) followed by inbreds (82.17%, 80.62 %)
and the inbred lines PK-104 (94.02%), NDR-8 (92.23 %), RHA-274 (92.06 %),
R-17 (91.34 %) and PET-2-89-1B (90.98 %) showed high rate of autogamy.
The analysis of variance revealed that the significant variability was
present in the genotypes. The variability and genetic advance as per cent of
mean was higher for number of filled seeds per head, seed yield per plant,
number of unfilled seeds per head, test weight and plant height. While, high
heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was noticed
for characters viz., seed yield per plant, number of filled seeds per head, test
weight and plant height suggesting the presence of additive gene action
controlling these traits.
The study of character association revealed that the characters viz.,
number of filled seeds per plant, test weight, head diameter, plant height,
number of unfilled seeds per plant, days to maturity, days to 50 per cent
flowering, number of leaves per plant and oil content have recorded positive
correlation with seed yield. Path analysis revealed the presence of higher
magnitude of positive direct effects of number of filled seeds per head, test
weight and oil content on seed yield, while, head diameter, days to maturity,
plant height and number of unfilled seeds per plant, showed negative direct
effect on seed yield.
Multivariate analysis grouped 63 genotypes into eight clusters and the
magnitude of D2 values indicated the presence of substantial variability in these
clusters. The pattern of distribution of genotypes into various clusters revealed
that there was no relationship between geographical distribution and genetic
diversity. Greater genetic divergence was found between cluster II and VII and
II and VI, thus suggesting that the genotypes of these clusters may be exploited
to explore the fullest range of variability for the character(s) and to release good
recombinant lines.
From the present investigations, it can be concluded that the maximum
inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II and VII. Higher autogamy
estimates that inbreds, NDR-8 (92.23 %), RHA-274 (92.06 %), R-17 (91.34 %)
and PET-2-89-1B (90.98 %). The genotypes from these clusters may be used as
potential donors for future hybridization programmes to develop potential
recombinants with high yield coupled with desirable oil quality. The checks
KBSH-1 (80.48 %), KBSH-44 (88.62 %) and DRSF-108 (72.75 %) from cluster
II, inbreds NDR-8 (92.23 %) and RHA-274 (92.06 %) from cluster VII, R- 17
(91.34 %) from cluster VI and PET-2-89-1B (90.96 %) from cluster VIII
possessed higher autogamy. These inbreds are may be used in future breeding
programmes to develop highly self fertile varieties and hybrids
Description
Keywords
INBRED, LINES, AUTOGAMY, SEED, YIELD, COMPONENTS, SUNFLOWER