G × E interaction analysis and stability analysis in sugarcane E (Saccharum sp. complex) using Ammi model
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Date
2015-06
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar-263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The present investigation was taken up to work out the GXE interaction and stability of fourteen advanced generation genotypes/clones along with three checks under varying environmental conditions for cane yield and yield contributing characters along with quality parameters. The field experiment with seventeen clones of sugarcane was laid down in randomized block design with two replications at three different locations (Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre at G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, SRS, Kashipur and KVK, Dhanauri, Haridwar) in timely as well as late sown condition during 2013-14 and 2014-15.
The Analysis of variance revealed significant variation for all the characters studied and pooled analysis for phenotypic stability, environments (linear) were also showed significant variation for different components. Mean performance across the environments and environmental indices indicated that E1 (Normal planting in Feb-March 2013 at Pantnagar) and E5 (Normal planting in Feb-March 2014 at Pantnagar) were graded as the favourable environment as both of the environments produced higher cane and sugar yield than general mean. Higher values for cane yield and quality characters were also recorded in these two environments. E3(Ratoon of E1) and E4 (Ratoon E2) were found as the favourable environments for most of the juice quality characters indicating maturity of canes earlier than the plant crop at both the stages i.e. normal and late planting and also for both the years and locations. Thus, it can be concluded that canes of ratoon should be harvested earlier than the plant crop or plant crops may be given some more time compared to ratoon to mature for higher cane and sugar yield. The genotype PC2006-07-30, PC2006-07-56, PC2006-07-57, PC2006-07-62, PC2006-07-03, PC2007-08-86 and PC2007-08-266, were identified as the high yielder across the environments. Among these AMMI1 biplot analysis identified PC2006-07-30, PC2006-07-56, PC2006-07-57, PC2006-07-03 and PC2007-08-266 as the most desirable and stable clones for both of the economic characters cane and sugar yields. Among all the clones, PC2006-07-30, PC2006-07-56, PC2006-07-57 and PC2007-08-266 showed specific adaptation to good environments for cane and sugar yield and most of the yield contributing characters. All the three checks CoJ 64, CoPant 8421, and CoPant 3220 along with PC2006-07-28, PC2006-07-62, PC2007-08-59 and PC2007-08-86 showed specific adaptation to poor environments (E3 and E4 i.e. in ratoons) for juice quality characters. The genotype PC2006-07-62 was found suitable for specifically adapted to all the poor environments for quality characters such as brix %, sucrose %, purity %,CCS % at both 8 and 10 month stages. AMMI analysis did not identify any genotype/clone stable for all the characters but PC2006-07-28, PC2006-07-30, PC2006-07-30, PC2006-07-56, PC2006-07-57, PC2006-07-62, PC2006-07-03, PC2007-08-59, PC2007-08-86 and PC2007-08-266 were found to be stable across different environments for many characters. The genotype/clone CoJ 64 (Check), PC2007-08-86, CoPant 3220(Check), PC2006-07-28, PC2006-07-30, PC2006-07-56, PC2006-07-57, PC2006-07-101and PC2006-07-69 were identified to have lower fibre % suitable for cane crushing with high extraction % as well as stable across the environments while others were graded as clones with higher fibre which could be suitable for cogeneration purpose. Similarly, clone PC2007-08-51 was found to be desirable and most stable for cane diameter and single cane weight.
Result as per simultaneous selection and selection based on ASV (AMMI Stability Value), trait mean and IPCA1 (Interaction Principal Component Axis first) score and AMMI stability indicated that PC2006-07-28, PC2006-07-30, PC2006-07-56, PC2006-07-57, PC2006-07-62, PC2006-07-03, PC2007-08-59, PC2007-08-86 were identified as the promising genotypes/clones along with stable performance across the environments. Among the checks CoPant 3220(Check) was found best performing and stable for yield as well as quality characters. It can be inferred on the basis of performance of test genotypes/clones as well as checks that under late planting early clones did not find favourable conditions for its growth and maturity which results into comparatively lower cane and sugar yield as compared to normal planting, indicating the need to breed for tolerance to abiotic environmental factors influencing yield and quality parameters due to late planting of early maturing clones.
Description
Thesis-PhD
Keywords
Genotype environment interaction, genetic analysis, stability, sugarcane, ammi model, genotypes, clones, maturation, abiotic factors