IRRIGATION PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF JURALA PROJECT COMMAND AREA USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS
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Date
2011
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ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
Abstract
An investigation on “Irrigation performance assessment of Jurala irrigation
project command area using remote sensing and GIS” was executed in
Mahaboobnagar district of Andhra Pradesh to estimate the area under major crops using
remote sensing data, assess the yield of rice and to evaluate the overall performance of
the irrigated command area during kharif 2009 and 2010. One representative
distributary was selected at head, middle and tail reaches under each right and left main
canal.
Crop area was monitored using two years remotely sensed data of IRS P6 LISS
III sensor (2nd Nov and 14th Oct 2009) for kharif 2009 and AWiFs sensor (9th and 28th
Oct 2010) for kharif 2010. The results of the supervised MXL classification showed
that rice crop occupied 33 per cent of the gross command area (GCA) (70,955.7 ha) and
very little area (4938 ha) was occupied by orchards and groundnut was grown in an area
of 3217 ha in rabi season. The total irrigated cropped area in right and left main canal
of Jurala command was 12,290 and 19,263 ha during the kharif 2009 and 12,138 and
21,463 ha during kharif 2010. Out of the total irrigated area, rice occupied 23403.6 ha,
of which 37.2 and 62.8 per cent was under right and left canal, respectively. The rice
irrigation intensity under right main canal remained same during both the years (61.0and 61.6 %) where under left main canal, there was an increase in the intensity from 45
to 55 per cent.
The average measured yields from crop cut experiments (CCE) was 6.28 and
5.21 t ha-1 under PJP right main canal (28 plots) and 5.79 and 5.34 t ha-1 under PJP left
main canal (36 plots) during kharif 2009 and 2010. Among the distributories, the yield
variations ranged from 4.66 to 8.04 t ha-1 and 1.65 to 7.97 t ha-1 in the right main canal
and from 4.40 to 7.40 t ha-1 and 3.31 to 7.50 t ha-1 in the left main canal during kharif
2009 and 2010, respectively. Satellite derived yields of the command area using yield
model showed that average yields of the right main canal (2.52 and 2.16 t ha-1) were
more than left canal (2.37 and 2.11 t ha-1) during kharif 2009 than in 2010. Root Mean
Squared Error (RMSE) values computed for all the measured and predicted yields were
0.50 and 0.48 during kharif 2009 and 2010 explaining higher accuracy of the yield
model.
The rice responded well to the application of higher doses of N by the farmers
during kharif 2009 and the relationship was positive with a R2 value of 0.703 explaining
84 per cent correlation between them. In the PJP right main canal, application of N @
175 kg ha-1 gave higher rice grain yield (6285 kg ha-1) during kharif 2009, while lower
yields (5212 kg ha-1) were obtained during kharif 2010. In PJP left main canal,
application of 155 kg N ha-1 gave lower grain yield (5589 kg ha-1) during kharif 2009,
while higher yields (5336 kg ha-1) were obtained during kharif 2010
The monthly overall consumption rate (OCR) values computed were less than
the set target value of 0.56 in command area. Temporal variability in supply demand
ratio from July to November during 2009 and 2010 for PJP right and left main canal
showed that the irrigation supply was more than demand and it was high (13,14 % for
RMC and 4,12 % for LMC) during September month. The Water Utilization Index
(WUI) computed using the equivalent wet area showed that during both the years it was
less than the target value (141 ha Mm-3) and it was low for left canal (55.7 and 82.0 ha
Mm-3) as compared to the right canal (69.6 and 90.8 ha Mm-3) during kharif 2009 and
2010. The average project water productivity was 0.154 and 0.185 kg m-3 of water for
PJP right and left main canal and in general it was more during kharif 2009 than that of
2010.
Description
Keywords
livestock, biological phenomena, polysaccharides, fertilizers, poultry equipment, concentrates, inorganic acid salts, developmental stages, breeds (animals), wood