In Vitro And In Vivo Interaction Studies Of Newcastle Disease Virus And Escherichia Coli In The Oviduct Of Chicken
Loading...
Date
2006
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University
Abstract
Realising the economic losses incurred following damage to oviduct
of the layer chickens due to ND, colibacillosis and ND-colibacillosis
concurrent infections, the present study was conducted.
Out of 21 commercial layer farms investigated 4 showed
colibacillosis, 5 ND, and 12 concurrent infections and the production
drops were 10-20, 40-55 and 60 per cent respectively. The gross lesions
observed were suppurative salpingitis in collibacillosis, haemorrhagic
salpingitis in ND and congestion and oedema of oviducts containing
mucosanguineous, thick exudate in the concuurrent infections.
The serotypes of E. coli organisms isolated from the oviducts of the
affected birds were O 60 , O 8 , O 88 , O 146 , O 101 , O 25 and O 68 . Five NDV
isolates selected from 15 were velogenic by MDT and ICPI tests. Out of
these five isolates one was also confirmed by molecular technique by
amplifying and sequencing the FPCS gene.
Mortality occurred from 6-9, 1-2, 3, 3-5 and 2-3 DPI in the
oestrogenised birds with precociously induced oviduct, inoculated with E.
coli , NDV- E. coli simultaneously, NDV, E. coli followed by NDV and
NDV followed by E. coli respectively.
Macroscopically, cheesy, mucopurulent exudate in the lumen with
congestion and oedema of mucosa and microscopically mild to moderate
inflammation, degeneration and serofibrinous exudate were observed in
the oviduct of E. coli infected birds. Grossly serosal congestion,
haemorrhages, exudate in the lumen, oedema of mucosa and reductionin size and microscopically inflammation, degeneration, hyperplasia of
mucosal epithelium, necrosis and atrophy of mucosal and glandular
epithelial cells were recorded in
the oviduct of NDV- E. coli
simultaneously infected birds. Macroscopically, reduction in size, severe
congestion, haemorrhages with pale and dry mucosa of oviduct and
histopathologically, mucosal epithelial hyperplasia, glandular atrophy,
haemorrhagic inflammation and degeneration in various segments of
oviduct were recorded in chickens infected with NDV. The birds infected
with E. coli followed by NDV showed oedematous oviduct with
serofibrinous exudate in the lumen and microscopically degenerative and
inflammatory changes. Macroscopically, the birds inoculated with NDV
followed by E. coli revealed severe congestion and oedema of oviduct with
mucosanguineous exudate and microscopically extensive haemorrhages,
inflammation, degeneration and necrosis of mucosal and glandular
epithelial cells.
In oviduct organ culture (OOC) sluggish movement was observed
at 15, 6, 6, 12 and 6 HPI in E. coli, NDV- E. coli simultaneously, NDV, E.
coli followed by NDV and NDV followed by E.coli respectively.
In IPT, positive reactions were observed from 6 HPI both in the in
vivo and in vitro cases. The reactions started from the cilia and mucosal
epithelial cells and found to extend deeper as time advanced. Reactions
were very prominent in the uterus.
Ultrastructurally, colibacillosis affected birds revealed the
presence of bacteria in the extracellular space, fibrinous exudate and
swelling of organelles. ND affected birds showed depletion of granules,
loss of cilia, and viral inclusions in the cytoplasm and nucleus. In
concurrent infections, the oviduct showed depletion of secretory granules,
congestion, fibrinous exudate, virus in the cytoplasm, swelling of
organelle and bacteria in the extracellular space.
Concurrent ND and colibacillosis, NDV- E. coli simultaneously
inoculated and NDV followed by E. coli infection caused severe lesions
and mortality compared to colibacillosis and E. coli followed by NDV
infection.