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ThesisItem Open Access ASSESSMENT OF SPATIAL INTERPOLATION METHODS FOR SOIL NUTRIENT MAPPING OF BEMETARA DISTRICT OF CHHATTISGARH USING SOIL HEALTH CARD DATA(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2021) Priyadarshini, Adyasha; Tedia, K.; Naitam, R.K.; Mishra, V.N.; Shrivasta, G.K.; Saxena, R.R.A productive fertile soil can support optimal plant growth. Soil testing & nutrient mapping provides information which enables farmer to make profitable use of fertilizer & manures for growing crops.Nutrient management at the site level help farmers to administrate the precise amount of nutrients required at each location in the field. Thousands of point data on soil nutrients are available which can be utilized to produce a detailed map on soil nutrients. But it provides data in a scattered manner so several techniques have been used and are in use for mapping soil nutrients with point data. The present study assessed the popular method of interpolation i.e., ordinary kriging (OK) and machine learning prediction model random forest (RF) in mapping soil nutrients of Bemetara district using national soil health card scheme data. A total of 18292 geo-referenced soil health card data were used for the study. The semivariogram generated for the soil nutrients during interpolation approach (OK) showed poor spatial dependency among the points resulting in lower accuracies in nutrient mapping. The prediction approach (RF) utilizing environmental covariates representing the soil forming factors (terrain, climate, and land cover) was found more accurate in all cases. In the study, twenty primary and secondary terrain derivatives were derived from SRTM (30m) DEM was used as the relief factor. Along with terrain attributes, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and land surface temperature (LST) derived from MOD13Q1 (16 days composite NDVI at 250 m resolution) were also used as land cover covariates. Twenty years mean NDVI, mean kharif NDVI, mean rabi NDVI, and mean summer NDVI were calculated from the MODIS data. Nineteen bioclimatic variables derived from monthly climatic data from worlclim were also used as the climatic covariates. The study identifies that the random forest prediction could map the soil nutrients in the area with varying topography, climate, and land cover more accurately than the interpolation methods as the former utilizes the soil forming factor inputs in the model.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON GENETIC DIVERGENCE IN CASHEW (Anacardium occidentale L.)(Indirra Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya Raipur, 2016) Paikra, Mangal Singh; Dikshit, S.N.The present investigation entitled “Studies on genetic divergence in cashew (Anacardium occidentale L)” was carried out during the years 2010-11 and 2011-12 at Research Farm, Saheed Gundadhoor College of Agriculture and Research Station (IGKV), Kumhrawand, Jagdalpur (C.G) to study the characterization of available genotypes, flowering behaviour, genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlation coefficient, path coefficient and genetic divergence. The experimental material comprised of 14 cashew genotypes were planted at 7.5 x 7.5 m spacing in randomized block design with three replications during the year 2000. The findings of present investigations revealed that the morphological characterization of 14 genotypes was done as per the catalogue of minimum descriptor of cashew. Characterization was done for the 68 morphological characters for all the 14 genotypes. The analysis of variance showed highly significant for most of the characters studied. Therefore, it is evident that sufficient variability exists among the genotypes. The mean squares due to genotypes were found to be significant for almost all characters, indicating the existence of substantial variability for different characters in the genotypes. Some of the genotypes showed highest mean performance under growth and yield- attributing characters viz., H-68 for plant height, flowering intensity, no. of nuts per panicle, TSS of juice and nut yield, H-255 for leaf size, length of inflorescence and width of inflorescence, VRI-1 for duration of flowering, H-303 for no. of flowering laterals, fruit set % and no. of nuts per panicle, H-367 for nut weight, apple weight and shell thickness and NRCC Sel-1 for shelling % during both the years as compared to check Vengurla-4. Considerable genetic variation has been exhibited by genotypes involved in present investigation. The most variable characters are number of nuts per panicle, kernel weight, fruit set % and nut yield kg/tree. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for kernel weight, number of nuts per panicle and nut yield kg/tree, thereby indicating their importance in direct selection. Correlation studies revealed that the growth parameters such as plant height, canopy spread (E-W & N-S) and leaf size; flowering related characters such as flowering intensity, length of inflorescence, fruit set % and yield- related traits like number of nuts per panicle, nut weight, shell thickness, kernel weight, apple weight and TSS of juice were observed to show significant positive correlation with nut yield per tree at phenotypic level. Characters like kernel weight, canopy spread E-W, number of nuts per panicle, apple weight, length of inflorescence, shell thickness, duration of flowering, plant height, fruit set, TSS of juice and juice content are the main yield- contributing characters in cashew. It was also confirmed by the path coefficient analysis. Considerable amount of genetic divergence was present among the 14 cashew genotypes. On the basis of D2 studies, genotypes H-255 and 30/1 could be used for hybridization programme in all possible combination to get maximum heterosis.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF FLY ASH, ORGANIC MANURE AND FERTILIZERS ON SOIL HEALTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF RICE-WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM IN ALFISOLS AND VERTISOLS(Indirra Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya Raipur, 2016) Ramteke, Lalit Kumar; Sengar, S.S.Field experiment was conducted under Alfisols at KVK, Farm Katghora, Korba and Vertisols at Instructional Farm Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur during 2011, 2012 and 2013. To assess the effect of different doses of fly ash alone or in combination with manure and fertilizers in rice – wheat cropping system with Sixteen treatments ( i.e. Tl-Control, T2-10 t FA ha-1, T3-20 t FA ha-1, T4-STCR (Soil test based fertilizer recommendation), T5-75 % NPK ha-1, T6-100 % NPK (100:60:40), T7-75 % NPK ha-1+ 10 t FA ha-1, T8-75 %NPK ha-1 + 20 t FA ha-1, T9-100 % NPK ha-1+ 10 t FA ha-1, T10-100 % NPK ha-1 + 20 t FA ha-1, T11-75 % NPK ha-1+ 5 t FYM ha-1, T12-100 % NPK ha-1 +5 t FYM ha-1, T13-75 % NPK ha-1 + 5 t FYM +10 t FA, T14-75 % NPK ha-1 + 5 t FYM +20 t FA ha-1, T15-100 % NPK ha-1 +5 t FYM+10 t FA ha-1 and T16-100 % NPK ha-1 +5 t FYM+20 t FA ha-1) under Split Plot Design with factorial arrangment of crop and soil in main plot and treatment in sub plot. The soil pH and bulk density decreased with the application of fly ash alone or in combination with manure and fertilizers in Alfisol and Vertisol. The electrical conductivity and organic carbon significantly increased from initial values in Alfisol and Vertisol .The hydraulic conductivity and infiltration rate significantly increased due to application of fly ash alone or in combination with manure and fertilizer under Vertisol. The soil available N, P and K was significantly increased due to application of fly ash alone or in combination with 100 % NPK ha-1 +5 t FYM+20 t FA ha-1 in rice and wheat crops under Alfisol and Vertisol.The soil available micronutrients Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu significantly increases in rice and wheat under Alfisol and Vertisol. The soil available heavy metals (Cd, Ni,Cr and Pb) increased from the initial values. Microbial biomass carbon and dehydrogenase activity of soil significantly increases at harvest of crops under Vertisol. The plant N and P content and uptake in grain and straw increases with 100 % NPK ha-1 +5 t FYM+20 t FA ha-1 in wheat Vertisol and rice under Alfisol. However, The higher K content in rice grain and wheat straw was recorded in 100 % NPK ha-1 +5 t FYM ha-1 +20 t FA ha-1 and 100 % NPK ha-1 +5 t FYM ha-1 under Vertisol. The higher K uptake in grain and straw was recorded in rice under Alfisol. The higher Fe and Cu content was recorded in rice and wheat under Vertisol. However, Mn and Zn content was recorded in rice under Alfisol. The Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu uptake in grain and straw was significantly recorded in rice under Alfisol with 100 % NPK ha-1 +5 t FYM+20 t FA ha-1 . The Cd and Ni content and uptake in rice and wheat grain and straw significantly increased but decreses from STCR based fertilizer recommondation under Alfisol. The Cr and Pb content in grain and straw significantly increased in wheat under Alfisol and Vertisol. The uptake of Cr and Pb content in rice grain and straw was higher under Vertisol with STCR based fertilizer recommendation. The grain and straw yield of rice and wheat significantly increased with the application fly ash. The higher grain and straw yield was recorded in rice under Alfisol with STCR based fertilizer recommondation. It was at par with 100 % NPK ha-1 +5 t FYM+20 t FA ha-1. However, higher grain and straw yield of wheat was recorded in 100% NPK ha-1 +5 t FYM+20 t FA ha-1 under Vertisol.Item Open Access Role of Libraries in Development of Chhattisgarh(Indirra Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya Raipur, 2003) Pandey, MadhavBookItem Open Access Decade of IGKV Research(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2014-02-04) Pandey, MadhavBookItem Open Access Bibliography of IGKV Theses 1970-2010(2013) Pandey, MadhavBookItem Open Access An Introduction to Library and Information Services(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2012) Pandey, Madhav
