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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Effect of canopy and nutrient management on senile orchards of Indian gooseberry (Emblica officinalis) cv Francis
    (2015-03) Tiwari, D.
    A study was conducted on 15 years old senile orchard of Indian gooseberry (Emblica officinalis G.) cv Francis to convert into productive through canopy and nutrient management. The results revealed that 50% pruning of previous season growth (P2) was statistically superior which resulted in maximum duration of flowering, fruit set and retention, yield, physical and chemical qualities of fruit and leaf as well as soil nutrient status. Further, nutrient management revealed that application of 40 kg FYM (M1) resulted maximum fruit set, retention, yield and phosphorus content in leaves and NPK in soil and minimum fruit drop, days taken to maturity and fibre content. Similarly 100 per cent RDF (N2) resulted in maximum fruit set (64.90 %), retention (20.51 %), yield (118 kg/tree), nitrogen and phosphorus content in leaves (2.46 and 0.44 %) as well as in soil (238.6 and 17.75 kg/ha). A critical observation of the results showed that interactions had been most effective to improve yield and quality parameters of fruits and nutrient status in leaves of aonla as well as soil than the individual application of different levels of pruning, organic manure and nutrient. Among flowering, fruiting and yield parameters, maximum duration of flowering (29 days), fruit set (74.61 %), retention (28.33 %) and yield (145 kg/tree) and minimum fruit drop (71.67 %) and days taken to fruit maturity (216 days) was found under P2M2N2 followed by P2M2N1. Interaction P2M2N2 has been noticed statistically superior to enhance physical and chemical characteristics of fruit followed by P2M2N1. This treatment has not only enhanced bearing and quality parameters in aonla but also increased the leaf nutrient status as well as soil fertility status. A significant increased yield of Indian gooseberry with application of pruning intensity, organic and inorganic nutrients was found due to vigorous vegetative growth and increased chlorophyll content, which together accelerated the photosynthesis that increased the supply of carbohydrates to plants. There is a positive correlation among nutrient doses with leaf nutrient content yield and quality of fruits. The supplemented organic manures have improved the physical, chemical and biological activities of soil which helped in better nutrient absorption by plants, resulting higher yield.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Nitric oxide reduces pericarp browning and preserves bioactiveantioxidants in litchi
    (Elsevier, 2014) Barman, K.; Siddiqui, W.; Patel, V.B.; Prasad, M.
    Pericarp browning is the most important postharvest problem in litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.), which reduces the commercial acceptability and shelf life of fruit. In the present study, effect of nitric oxide (NO) on pericarp browning, bioactive antioxidants, and shelf life of fruit was investigated. Fruits were treated with the NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 0.5 mM, 1.0 mM or 2.0 mM) by the immersion method, and stored at ambient condition for 8 days. SNP treatments, at all concentrations, significantly reduced pericarp browning in which the most remarkable effect was obtained with 2.0 mM SNP showing 30% lower pericarp browning and 42% higher anthocyanin content than control. The levels of total phenolics and antioxidant capacity of treated fruits were 50% and 31% higher respectively in relation to untreated ones. Throughout the storage, SNP treatment was highly effective in reducing weight loss, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, as well as delaying loss of total soluble solids, titra table acidity, and ascorbic acid in fruits with minimum decay (10%) giving an extended shelf life up to 8 days. Pericarp browning was negatively correlated with anthocyanin content, total phenolics content, antioxidant capacity and shelf life whereas it was positively correlated with weight loss, MDA content and decay percentage. These findings confirm that 2.0 mM SNP could be used as a treatment to reduce pericarp browning of litchi before storage.