STUDIES ON CLINICO-HAEMATOBIOCHEMICAL AND THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF POLYHERBAL FORMULATION AGAINST RESISTANT GASTRO INTESTINAL NEMATODES IN GOATS
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Date
2023-08-01
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar-263145
Abstract
The present study was conducted at goat farms/herds of Tarai region around Pantnagar.
Total 146 goats exhibiting FAMACHA scores ranging from 3 to 5, were examined to determine
the prevalence of GI nematodosis. Out of 146 goats, 103 were diagnosed with GI nematodosis.
From these 103 goats, 24 goats of either sex, aged between 9 months to 5 years, were selected with
egg counts exceeding 200. They were randomly assigned to four equal groups. Group I received
oral fenbendazole treatment at 5mg/kg body weight, Group II received oral ivermectin at 0.2mg/kg
body weight, Group III received an oral polyherbal formulation at 6.5g/30 kg body weight, and
Group IV served as the untreated control. A pilot study was also conducted earlier on three goats
to rule out any adverse effects of the polyherbal formulation used in the experimental study.
The haematological, biochemical, and oxidative stress related parameters were
investigated at intervals of 0, 7, 14, and 21 days. Faecal samples were collected directly from
rectum on 0 day (Pre-Treatment), 7th day, 14th day and 21st Day (post-treatment) for calculation
of EPG and FECRT.
There was significant improvement in the mean values of Red Blood Cells, Haemoglobin,
and Packed Cell Volume after treatment with polyherbal formulation and ivermectin, as compared
to control. ALP, AST, and ALT levels within Groups I, II, and III reduced significantly by the 21st
day, aligning with the healthy goat's standard range. Whereas the values in Group IV showed a
steady rise. The increased enzyme activity in affected animals aligns with detrimental effects
caused by traumatic abomasal and intestinal damage, directly linked to parasitic infestation. Serum
concentrations of GSH-Px, SOD, and CAT were notably elevated on the 21st day post-treatment in
goats treated with the polyherbal formulation, ivermectin, and fenbendazole, along with decreased
MDA levels, indicating decreased oxidative stress after treatment. It was revealed that levels of
GSH-Px, SOD and CAT were low during stress caused by GI nematodosis whereas MDA levels
were high.
Assessment of EPG and FECRT (%) values on the 21st day post-treatment revealed
efficacy rates of 85.07% for ivermectin, 90.62% for the polyherbal formulation, and 59.05% for
fenbendazole. Significant improvement in the mean EPG in both treatment groups G II and G III
was seen on 14th day post treatment compared to G I thus indicating resistance to fenbendazole.
Coproculture on the 14th day post-treatment indicated that 97% of identified species were
H. contortus, establishing it as the primary cause of GI nematodosis in goats from the Tarai region
of Uttarakhand.
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