Integrated Nutrient Management In Forage- Food Crop Sequences
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Date
2001
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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
Abstract
The experiment was conducted at fodder farm, B.A.U., Ranchi to study the effect of integrated nutrient management in forage food crop sequences. It was carried out since 1989-1990 and the detail observation of the last 3year (1997-98 to 1999-2000) were recorded and interpreted. The Treatments comprised of two sequences Viz. rice –berseem and rice –oats in main- plot and 4 integrated nutrients Management ha-1 viz. 100% recommended level of NPK in both season,75% recommended level of NPK + 10 t FYM in Kharif, 75% recommended level of NPK + 10t FYM in Rabi and 75% recommended level of NPK + 10 t FYM in both season (Kharif + Rabi) in Sub –Plots and replicated thrice. The gross plot size of 4.0m X 2.5 m was Kept. Line sowing of each crop was done at 25cm apart. The soil of the experimental plots was silt loam in texture (sand 38.25, silt50.95, clay 10.83%. It was low in organic carbon (0.52),available N (216Kgha-1 ) P (12.2 Kg ha-1 ) and medium in K (141.6 Kg ha-1 with Ph 5.9.
The results of last three years of investigation revealed that the rice as a succeeding crop to berseem produced higher rice yield when both the crops were fed with 75 % recommended level of NPK plus 10 t FYM ha-1. Application of 75% recommended level of NPK + 10 t FYM ha-1c in both the season also recorded the maximum forage yield in oats which was followed by oats forage yield received at 100% recommended level of NPK. Alike to oats forage, berseem has also produced the maximum quantity of forage yield under the same treatment.
Berseem has significantly recorded a better enrichment in available Soil N during all the years as well as integrated application nutrient has also accounted for higher enhancement in soil N. However, the maximum available soil P was recorded when the sequences were taken at 100% NPK applied through chemical fertilizers. Maximum available soil K was also recorded after the harvest of Kharif as well as Rabi, component grown entirely on chemical sources of nutrients.
Rice harvested after berssem removed higher quantity of NPK as compared to rice harvested after oats. Among forage components, gave higher NPK yield as compared to oats. However, rice sequence as a whole removed the maximum quantity of NPK.
The balance sheet of nutrients further indicated maximum recovery of these three nutrient under cereal- cereal sequence as compared to cereal – legume. A definite enhancement in N and P status of soil to its initial level was noticed but the trend was reversed in case of K build up which suggested some additional application of K in these crops.
Rice –oats sequence has utilized the NPK in a better way than rice berseem sequence. While sequence having forage legume has evaluated for higher N uptake efficiency as compared to sequence having forage cereal. A better utilization of N was accounted under the system having cereal grain and forage components. P uptake efficiency was neither influenced by the cropping sequences nor fertility treatments. Rice- oat sequence has shown better utilization of P than rice –berseem. Rice –oat sequence has computed for higher K uptake efficiency than rice berseem whereas different in utilization efficiency was not recorded under either of the sequence or fertility management.
Both the sequence were found equally remunerative but the crop grown in presence of 75% NPK + 10t FYM ha-1 in both the season has given significantly the maximum net return (Rs31,659 ha-1 yr-1). Though rice –oat sequence consistently and significantly accounted for higher overall net return to rupee investment but rice –berseem sequence was more remunerative due to higher over all net return (Rs 33,415ha-1yr-1) and the same has also enriched the soil in a better way as compared to cereal –cereal sequence.
The maximum energy output recorded under rice –oats sequence as compared to rice berseem sequence.
Fretility build up under rice –berseem as well as rice –oats sequence fertility with 75% recommended dose of NPK + 10 t FYM in both the season appeared to be more stable. The same was also true in case of net return during the different years of investigation.