Effect of organic fertilizers on various wheat varieties under Casuarina (Casuarina junghuhniana) based agroforestry system
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Date
2023-07-12
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CCSHAU, Hisar
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Effect of organic fertilizers on various wheat varieties
under a casuarina (Casuarina junghuhniana) based agroforestry system” was conducted at the
Department of Forestry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, during the Rabi season of 2022-
23 to investigate the effect of organic fertilizers under Casuarina plantation planted at spacings of 5 × 3
m on growth, physiology and yield attributes of wheat crop. During the research period, the casuarina
tree’s growth parameters increased by 0.4 m in height, 1.85 cm in girth and 0.2 m in crown spread.
With varied levels of organic fertilizers, a significantly higher rise in soil organic carbon, available N,
P, K and DTPA extractable micronutrients (Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn) was observed under casuarina based
agroforestry system than in control (devoid of trees). At all the soil depths, the moisture content was
discovered to be lower under casuarina based agroforestry system than in the control. The reduction in
light available to understory crops ranged from 54.5 to 59.3%. The temperature was marginally lower
in the casuarina plantation than in the control, but the relative humidity was higher during the crop
growth period. Except for relative stress injury (%), nitrogen balance index (NBI), chlorophyll index
(CHI) and canopy temperature depression (CTD, °C), the various growth, physiological and yieldattributing
parameters of different wheat varieties under study were significantly higher in sole wheat
crop than under casuarina based agroforestry system. Wheat variety WH 1270 had the highest test
weight, dry matter accumulation (g/mrl), grain yield (t/ha) and harvest index (%) under casuarina based
agroforestry system. Whereas wheat variety WH 1142 exhibited the greatest percentage reduction in
grain yield (35.31%) over control followed by WH 1270 (34.7%), WH 1124 (34.49%) and WH 1184
(34.02%).Variety WH 1142 was shown to be particularly vulnerable to shade and to have inferior
growth, yield-contributing characteristics and yield (as the biological yield was lowered by 33.6% and
grain production was reduced by 35.31%) under casuarina based agroforestry system. Wheat varieties
showed the greatest response to treatment T1 (RDN), which can be seen in the comparative results of
nitrogen balance index, chlorophyll index, yield and yield attributes of wheat crop with treatment T1
(150 kg/ha RDN through inorganic fertilizers).