Investigation on grey leaf blight disease of mango (Mangifera indica L.) in North-East India
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Date
2021-12
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College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, CAU-Imphal, Umiam
Abstract
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) belongs to family Anacardiaceae and is the most important commercially grown fruit crop of India. India is a prominent exporter of fresh mangoes to the world. The country has exported 49,658.68 MT of fresh mangoes to the world during the year 2019-20. Among the important varieties and hybrids Amarapali, Himsagar and Mallika are grown in NE India. Among various fungal diseases, grey leaf blight is an important disease and commonly observed in NE India. Increasing intensity year by year may become major hurdle. Looking to the seriousness of the disease and economic importance of the crop, a study was conducted to understand the incidence of grey leaf blight of Mango, assess the epidemiology of Pestalotiopsis mangiferae and develop an effective disease management practice against grey leaf blight of mango in NE India. A survey was carried out in five mango growing states viz., Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya and Tripura. During survey Tripura recorded the highest (64.21%) grey leaf blight incidence followed by Assam (63.15%) and the lowest incidence was recorded from Meghalaya (51.64%). During survey it was recorded that among hybrid varieties Amrapali is the major growing variety in Tripura. Effect of five different temperatures on growth and sporulation of P. mangiferae was studied and significantly higher mycelial growth (85.15 mm) and excellent sporulation (3.4x1041.94%) was found effective against P.mangiferae followed by Garlic (36.18%). Pseudomonas fluorescens (87.16%) showed best antagonistic potential against P. mangiferae followed by Trichoderma harzianum (86.48%). Among the fungicides tested in vitro carbendazim 12%+mancozeb 63% (100%) and cymoxanil 8%+mancozeb 64% (100%) proved to be the best. The results of two years field experiment in Tripura (2018-2019) showed that both carbendazim 12%+mancozeb 63% (82.16%) cymoxanil 8%+mancozeb 64% (74.43%) were found highly effective against grey leaf blight of mango. 6 ml-1) was observed at 27 ±1°C followed by 30°C (84.26 mm and 3.1x106 ml-1) were observed. The field study in Tripura (2018 and 2019) showed first grey leaf blight infection in March and infection rise from June. The correlation matrix shows the incidence of grey blight is negatively correlated with max. and min. temperatures but positively correlated with max. and min. relative humidity and rainfall. Four phytoextracts were screened in vitro by poisoned food technique. 41.94%) was found effective against P.mangiferae followed by Garlic (36.18%). Pseudomonas fluorescens (87.16%) showed best antagonistic potential against P. mangiferae followed by Trichoderma harzianum (86.48%). Among the fungicides tested in vitro carbendazim 12%+mancozeb 63% (100%) and cymoxanil 8%+mancozeb 64% (100%) proved to be the best. The results of two years field experiment in Tripura (2018-2019) showed that both carbendazim 12%+mancozeb 63% (82.16%) cymoxanil 8%+mancozeb 64% (74.43%) were found highly effective against grey leaf blight of mango.
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Keywords
Mango, Blight