Biochemical characterization and functional properties of Aloe vera grown under Punjab conditions
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Date
2021
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
Biochemical characterization and functional properties of three Aloe vera varieties Sheetal, Local and Non edible grown under Punjab conditions were done. The moisture content of gel varied from 98 to 99% whereas in leaves it varied from 94.5 to 95.5%. Leaves and gel was dried at different temperatures viz 50°C, 60°C and -40°C. Irrespective of temperature of drying, carbohydrate and ascorbic acid content was higher in gel than leaves whereas fibre, protein, ash as well as phenolic content were higher in leaves than in gel of all the three varieties. Highest phenolic content was found in Sheetal variety followed by Local and it was higher at 60°C than 50°C. DPPH radical scavenging activity, hydroxyl scavenging activity, reducing power, Fe2+ chelation activity was greater in gel powder than in leaf powder and these activities varied with variation in drying temperature. Magnesium and iron content was highest among macro and micro nutrients respectively in both gel and leaves of Local and Sheetal variety. Activities of enzyme catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase were highest in Non edible aloe vera followed by Sheetal and Local variety. Gel powder of all varieties contained considerable amount of water swelling, oil holding, foaming capacity and stability, emulsion property and stability whereas leaf powder showed only water swelling and oil holding properties. These functional properties decreased with increase in drying temperature. Polysaccharide from two varieties Local and Sheetal were partially purified by ethanol precipitation and by passing through DEAE cellulose column and characterized. In Sheetal variety, three fractions of polysaccharides were obtained with water, 0.2M and 0.8M of NaCl having the yield of 51.3%, 18.7% and 18.4% respectively. In polysaccharide of Local, four fractions with water, 0.2M, 0.4M and 0.7M of NaCl were obtained having the yield of 15.34%, 11.1%, 19.2% and 31.7% respectively. These polysaccharide fractions showed considerable amount of DPPH activity, hydroxyl scavenging activity and reducing power. The FTIR analysis showed the presence of hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, pyranose ring, mannose, glucan units and o-acetyl esters in ethanol precipitated gel as well as purified fractions.
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Bhatia, Pragati (2021). Biochemical characterization and functional properties of Aloe vera grown under Punjab conditions (Unpublished M.Sc. thesis). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.