Analysis of genetic variability through D2 analysis for yield and its components in Blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.)
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Date
2018
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SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE & TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Analysis of genetic variability through D2 analysis for yield and its components in Blackgram” was carried out with 40 diverse genotypes of Blackgram at Crop Research Centre of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, U.P. Observations were recorded on various characters viz. days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, biological yield per plant, test weight, harvest index, and grain yield per plant.
Analysis of variance revealed substantial amount of variability for all eleven characters. It indicates the wide spectrum of variability among the genotypes. High phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) were observed for plant height, number of pods per plant and number of primary branches per plant, moderate (10-20%) for biological yield per plant, pod length, days to 50% flowering, number of seeds per pod, grain yield per plant, harvest index and days to maturity and low (<10%) for test weight. Further, the estimate of phenotypic coefficient of variance was higher in magnitude than the respective genotypic coefficient of variance for all the characters indicating the important role of environment in the expression of characters. So, those characters would be more effective to improve the crop.
High h2 was recorded for all the characters taken under study. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance observed for plant height only indicating that the heritability is due to additive gene action and simple selection for this trait could be practiced for improving it. Grain yield per plant revealed positive and significant correlation with, biological yield per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, test weight, plant height, number of primary branches per plant and pod length both at phenotypic and genotypic level. Path coefficient analysis exhibited high to very high positive direct contribution of biological yield per plant and day to maturity recorded the high direct effect on grain yield per plant along with highly significant correlation in the desirable direction towards grain yield per plant indicated the true and perfect relationship between grain yield and these characters suggesting direct selection based on the characters would help in selecting the high yielding genotypes in blackgram.
Mahalanobis (D2) static revealed considerable genetic diversity among the genotypes. Genotypes were grouped into 5 clusters. Cluster I was the largest including 14 genotypes. The intra cluster distance among various clusters exhibited maximum intra cluster distance for cluster III and lowest intra cluster distance was reported for cluster II. The maximum intra cluster distance was because of wide genetic diversity among its genotypes. The highest inter cluster distance was revealed between cluster IV and V. The clearly indicates that the genotypes included in this cluster are having broad spectrum of genetic diversity and could very well be used in hybridization programme of blackgram for improving grain yield. The minimum inter cluster distance was revealed between clusters I and VII. It is suggested that, crosses among the parents belonging to most divergent clusters would be expected to manifest maximum heterosis and also wide variability of genetic architecture.
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Analysis of genetic variability through D2 analysis for yield and its components in Blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.)