Molecular and Biochemical Analysis of Water Deficit Tolerance Genes in Selected Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes
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Date
2018
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Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important crop of India. With the climate change and increasing population pressure there is continuously scarcity of water day by day. Therefore, it is time to think seriously to develop new genotypes which may give better yield with less water. Present investigation is an effort to screen wheat genotypes for drought using morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular traits. In the present investigation of morpho-physiological and biochemical traits and yield revealed highly significant differences among the entries under irrigated and non irrigated conditions. In the study we screened wheat genotypes for different morphological traits such as plant height, leaf length, number of tillers, spike length, spikelets per spike, and seeds per spike, chlorophyll content, RWC, MSI and proline content. Few genotypes such as HD 2733, HD 2864, MP 4010 and K 9423 performed better under drought conditions.
Six genotypes showed an extra DNA band upon induction of drought. In the present investigation, molecular characterization of selected twenty wheat genotypes was done using ISSR markers. Twenty-five ISSR markers have been used to distinguish genetic variation among twenty wheat genotypes. Among 25 primers only 16 marker showed highest polymorphism (100%) and 9 markers are monomorphic in nature. PIC value varied from 0.048 to 0.747 with a mean PIC of 0.357. ISSR marker UBC 824 showed high PIC (0.747) whereas; ISSR marker WH 5 showed lowest PIC value (0.048). Resolving power of 25 ISSR markers ranged from 0.95 to 1.96 with an average of 1.57. The highest resolving power was shown by Markers UBC 814 (1.96) while marker UBC 824 showed lowest resolving power (0.95). In the present study which is based on the distance matrix expressed as similarity coefficient, lowest genetic similarity observed between the genotypes PBW 533 and HD 2733 and the highest genetic similarity was observed between DBW 71 and DBW 16. The UPGMA based clustering grouped 20 wheat genotypes in to two major cluster’s i.e. A and B which is further subdivided into ten sub clusters. The cluster I includes four genotypes. Cluster II includes six genotypes, cluster III includes one genotype Cluster IV included two genotypes, cluster V included one genotype, cluster VI included six genotypes.
In the present investigation gene expression study under drought was done in two genotypes Viz. HD 2733 UP and 2425 and it is appeared to be regulated by drought stress. The most striking overall trend observed was the acute induction in expression of genes in leaves tissue during severe water stress conditions in our study tolerant genotype HD 2733. The present work is an attempt to clarify the direct relationship genes in development of drought stress tolerance in wheat using wheat cultivars with different drought tolerance and the present efforts may result to accelerate the process of varietal selection and development for drought tolerance in future.
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Molecular and Biochemical Analysis of Water Deficit Tolerance Genes in Selected Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes
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Molecular and Biochemical Analysis of Water Deficit Tolerance Genes in Selected Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes