Pathological studies on ionophore toxicity in broilers and its amelioration by Vitamin C
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Date
2022-03-31, 2022-03-31
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Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu (J&K)
Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu (J&K)
Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu (J&K)
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to study the effects of maduramicin and salinomycin toxicity on clinico-hematological, biochemical as well as oxidative stress parameters, pathomorphology, and immunologicalprofile of broiler birds and their amelioration by Vitamin C administration. A total of 96, one week old birds, were divided into 6 groups with 16 birds in each group. Group I served as control, group II birds were given Vitamin C @200mg/litre in water, group III birds were given maduramicin @8 ppm in feed, group IV birds were given maduramicin@8ppm in feed along with vitamin C @200mg/ litre in water, group V birds were treated with salinomycin @120 ppm in feed and group VI was treated withsalinomycin@120ppm in feed alongside Vitamin C @ 200mg/litre of water. 8 birds from each group were sacrificed at 2nd week post exposure (WPE) and again at 4th WPE to ionophores. Clinical signs exhibited by birds during the four-week treatment period were recorded. After two and four week treatment period, blood from all birds was collected. Group III and V birds started showing clinical signs after one WPE. There was anorexia, dullness, depression, ataxia, drooping of feathers, diarrhea, leg weakness and lethargy. Group IV and VI showed no clinical signs except decrease in body weight. Group III and IV each showed 6.25% mortality where as group V showed 12.5% mortality. Maduramicin and salinomycin feeding at toxic doses caused significant decrease in growth rate as shown by decrease in body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption and increase in FCR in comparison to control. Also, emaciation, dullness, depression, in coordination in movement, drooping feathers, diarrhoea, leg weakness and lethargy were observed in ionophore only fed groups. Anemia was also seen as reflected by significant decrease in Hb, PCV, TEC, MCV, MCH, MCHC values. Also there was leukocytopeniawithlymphopenia and heterophilia. Levels of total protein, albumin were significantly decreased and creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase were elevated. Maduramicin and salinomycin induced significant oxidative stress in liver, kidney, intestine, brain and blood as indicated by increase in SOD, CAT, GPx and LPO concentrations. Ionophore toxicity led to severe pathological lesions including congestion, haemorrhage, degeneration and necrosis, inflammation in heart, skeletal muscle, gizzard, liver, kidney and brain. Spleen and bursa revealed significant lymphoid depletion. Furthermore, significant deficits were seen in both humoral and cell mediated immunological responses in birds fed on toxic concentrations of ionophores. Co-administration of vitamin C along with maduramicin or salinomycin caused significant amelioration in ionophore induced toxicity as seen by reduction in clinico-hematobiochemical alterations, oxidative stress, gross as well as histo-pathological lesions and improvement in immunological responses in broiler birds.
The present study was undertaken to study the effects of maduramicin and salinomycin toxicity on clinico-hematological, biochemical as well as oxidative stress parameters, pathomorphology, and immunologicalprofile of broiler birds and their amelioration by Vitamin C administration. A total of 96, one week old birds, were divided into 6 groups with 16 birds in each group. Group I served as control, group II birds were given Vitamin C @200mg/litre in water, group III birds were given maduramicin @8 ppm in feed, group IV birds were given maduramicin@8ppm in feed along with vitamin C @200mg/ litre in water, group V birds were treated with salinomycin @120 ppm in feed and group VI was treated withsalinomycin@120ppm in feed alongside Vitamin C @ 200mg/litre of water. 8 birds from each group were sacrificed at 2nd week post exposure (WPE) and again at 4th WPE to ionophores. Clinical signs exhibited by birds during the four-week treatment period were recorded. After two and four week treatment period, blood from all birds was collected. Group III and V birds started showing clinical signs after one WPE. There was anorexia, dullness, depression, ataxia, drooping of feathers, diarrhea, leg weakness and lethargy. Group IV and VI showed no clinical signs except decrease in body weight. Group III and IV each showed 6.25% mortality where as group V showed 12.5% mortality. Maduramicin and salinomycin feeding at toxic doses caused significant decrease in growth rate as shown by decrease in body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption and increase in FCR in comparison to control. Also, emaciation, dullness, depression, in coordination in movement, drooping feathers, diarrhoea, leg weakness and lethargy were observed in ionophore only fed groups. Anemia was also seen as reflected by significant decrease in Hb, PCV, TEC, MCV, MCH, MCHC values. Also there was leukocytopeniawithlymphopenia and heterophilia. Levels of total protein, albumin were significantly decreased and creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase were elevated. Maduramicin and salinomycin induced significant oxidative stress in liver, kidney, intestine, brain and blood as indicated by increase in SOD, CAT, GPx and LPO concentrations. Ionophore toxicity led to severe pathological lesions including congestion, haemorrhage, degeneration and necrosis, inflammation in heart, skeletal muscle, gizzard, liver, kidney and brain. Spleen and bursa revealed significant lymphoid depletion. Furthermore, significant deficits were seen in both humoral and cell mediated immunological responses in birds fed on toxic concentrations of ionophores. Co-administration of vitamin C along with maduramicin or salinomycin caused significant amelioration in ionophore induced toxicity as seen by reduction in clinico-hematobiochemical alterations, oxidative stress, gross as well as histo-pathological lesions and improvement in immunological responses in broiler birds.
The present study was undertaken to study the effects of maduramicin and salinomycin toxicity on clinico-hematological, biochemical as well as oxidative stress parameters, pathomorphology, and immunologicalprofile of broiler birds and their amelioration by Vitamin C administration. A total of 96, one week old birds, were divided into 6 groups with 16 birds in each group. Group I served as control, group II birds were given Vitamin C @200mg/litre in water, group III birds were given maduramicin @8 ppm in feed, group IV birds were given maduramicin@8ppm in feed along with vitamin C @200mg/ litre in water, group V birds were treated with salinomycin @120 ppm in feed and group VI was treated withsalinomycin@120ppm in feed alongside Vitamin C @ 200mg/litre of water. 8 birds from each group were sacrificed at 2nd week post exposure (WPE) and again at 4th WPE to ionophores. Clinical signs exhibited by birds during the four-week treatment period were recorded. After two and four week treatment period, blood from all birds was collected. Group III and V birds started showing clinical signs after one WPE. There was anorexia, dullness, depression, ataxia, drooping of feathers, diarrhea, leg weakness and lethargy. Group IV and VI showed no clinical signs except decrease in body weight. Group III and IV each showed 6.25% mortality where as group V showed 12.5% mortality. Maduramicin and salinomycin feeding at toxic doses caused significant decrease in growth rate as shown by decrease in body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption and increase in FCR in comparison to control. Also, emaciation, dullness, depression, in coordination in movement, drooping feathers, diarrhoea, leg weakness and lethargy were observed in ionophore only fed groups. Anemia was also seen as reflected by significant decrease in Hb, PCV, TEC, MCV, MCH, MCHC values. Also there was leukocytopeniawithlymphopenia and heterophilia. Levels of total protein, albumin were significantly decreased and creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase were elevated. Maduramicin and salinomycin induced significant oxidative stress in liver, kidney, intestine, brain and blood as indicated by increase in SOD, CAT, GPx and LPO concentrations. Ionophore toxicity led to severe pathological lesions including congestion, haemorrhage, degeneration and necrosis, inflammation in heart, skeletal muscle, gizzard, liver, kidney and brain. Spleen and bursa revealed significant lymphoid depletion. Furthermore, significant deficits were seen in both humoral and cell mediated immunological responses in birds fed on toxic concentrations of ionophores. Co-administration of vitamin C along with maduramicin or salinomycin caused significant amelioration in ionophore induced toxicity as seen by reduction in clinico-hematobiochemical alterations, oxidative stress, gross as well as histo-pathological lesions and improvement in immunological responses in broiler birds.