Assessment of genetic diversity in Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)
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Date
2020
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Department of Agricultural Biotechnology College of Agriculture, OUAT Bhubaneswar
Abstract
Black pepper (Piper nigrum L) is one amongst the oldest and most generally used spices
within the world. Originated within the humid, tropical evergreen forest of Western
Ghats of India, it has characteristic pungency and flavor. It’s predominantly a self
pollinated crop. Significant progress has been made within the genetic improvement of
pepper using conventional breeding but the advantages of a molecular technology are yet
to be realised in this important crop. The main objectives of the study were chemo and
molecular profiling of all the collected black pepper genotypes. Ten number of black
pepper genotypes viz. Pournami, Malabar excel, Shubhakara, Panchami, Sreekara, Sakti,
Girimunda, Panniyur 1, Pnniyur 2 and Karimunda were collected from the different high
altitude regions of Odisha. A wide range of phenotypic variations were observed in the
collected black pepper genotypes. The secondary metabolites from the leaves of black
pepper were extracted using methanol as a solvent in a soxlet apparatus and dry recovery
was measured in milligrams. The extract solution were applied 1.5cm away from lower
edge of the TLC plates precoated with silica gel 60F-254 and the plates were kept in the
different solvent system. Developed plates were dried in stream air and immersed in 5%
concentrated ethanolic sulphuric acid and the plates were heated at 110ºC for 15-20 min
to develop the colour spots to identify piperine and its content. The optimized solvent
system for the TLC for piperine was identified which contains the solvents Hexane :
Ethyl acetate : Glacial acetic acid (3:1:0.1) that resulted into a proper visualization of the
spots and bands. The distance travelled by the solvent used is 8.4 cm and the calculated
Rf value for all the samples ranged from 0.78 to 0.82. On the basis of the studies made it
is assumed that as the Rf values of all the samples were almost same, means the same
compound is present in all the samples. The content of Piperine varies from plant
genotype to genotype as intensity of of visualized varies. The extraction of DNA is
difficult due to the presence of large quantity of secondary metabolites and phenolic
compounds. The DNA was extracted successfully from the leaf samples of black pepper
employing standard CTAB method and this extracted DNA will be used for molecular
profiling. The present study will facilitate breeders to identify suitable black pepper
genotypes and to improve genotypes for specific traits like quality and tolerance to biotic
and abiotic stresses
Description
Th-6123