Biochemical and molecular analysis of tolerance to iron toxicity in Rice
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Date
2020
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Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar
Abstract
Rice, Oryza sativa (2n=24), is the staple food of more than half of the world’s population. It serves as main food for about 36% of the world population. Rice grain contains high nutritional value and calories as compared to other crops and has become an intentional commodity across the whole world. Iron toxicity is one of the most important abiotic stress which limits the rice production in lowland areas (Dobermann& Fair-Hurst,2000). Iron toxicity is common in acid sulfate and water logged condition. The excessive iron uptake causes poor growth and tillering, leaf discoloration (bronzing), and leads to severe yield reductions. In India, it is reported that 43% yield loss in rice is due to iron toxicity. One of the important ways to control the yield loss due to iron toxicity is by developing the new varieties with tolerance to iron toxicity. The research work being reported here was done at the research farm of Regional Research and Technology Transfer station, OUAT, Bhubaneswar. In this present research, a set of 102 rice germplasms including land races and high yielders released for cultivation was evaluated for various morphological characteristics with special reference to identify the iron rich rice genotypes. In a replicated field trail, all the test genotypes were phenotyped using various morphological descriptors both in control and toxicity plot. These phenotypic parameters included the leaf bronzing index (LBI), 50% flowering, number of tillers/ hill, 50% days of panicle initiation, plant height, panicle length, total number of grains/ panicle, 1000 grain weight and yield. All the phenotypic traits were statistically analysed through ANOVA andCV % and CD at (5%) were calculated. Based on LBI score it was revealed that the genotypes like Swarna ,Ganjamgedi , Haribhoga, Mahsuri were tolerant and Hasant , Pratikhsya , Pooja were susceptible to iron toxicity. Out of 102 genotypes, a core population of 45 genotypeswere selected taking 15 genotypes each from tolerant, moderately tolerant and susceptible group for further analysis to study the biochemical and molecular analysis of tolerance to Fe-toxicity.For this purpose,the chlorophyll content with the help of the spadmeter was measured. The grain iron fraction from brown rice of individual genotypes was isolated but the content could not be analysed by Atomic absorption Spectrophotometer due to sudden closed down of the laboratoryowing to COVID-19 pandemic situation. Had the situation been normal, various other biochemical analysis using enzymatic assay and molecular analysis using iron homeostasis related gene specific primers would have been done.
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TH - 6114