Synthesis and characterization of metallic nanoparticles, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of Triphala powder and its fruit constituents
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Date
2020
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CCSHAU, Hisar
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to estimate the phytochemical and nutritional parameters; to determine
the antioxidant potential of promising extracts of Triphala powder and its fruit constituents: Amla, Bahera and
Harad using DPPH free radical scavenging assay and Phosphomolybdate assay; by making use of these bioactive
components in plant extracts and their bio efficacies to synthesize the metallic nanoparticles; compare the
antimicrobial activity of as synthesized NPs and their crude extracts. Moisture, fat, ash, protein, crude fibre and
total carbohydrates contents were estimated in different parts viz. seeds, aerial parts & roots of Amla, Bahera and
Harad. All parts of these medicinal plants were found to be very rich sources of bioactive
components/antioxidants. The fruit pulp of these plants also contained different minerals viz. Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn.
Among these plant extracts: total phenolics, flavonoids, DPPH free radical scavenging activity and total
antioxidant capacity were higher in herbal extracts of fruits in comparison to herbal extracts of aerial parts and
roots. Hence, these medicinal plants are important source of good antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity
which may be due to the presence of various phytochemicals; therefore, play an important role in antioxidant
defence system against free radicals and thus aid in human health. The total phenolics contents, total antioxidant
capacity and thus antimicrobial activity followed the order as: Amla > Triphala > Bahera > Harad. The total
flavonoids content varies as Bahera > Triphala > Amla > Harad. DPPH free radical scavenging assay follows the
order as Bahera > Amla > Harad > Triphala. Aqueous extracts were better in all sorts of quantifications of
antioxidants and their antioxidant potential. Amongst these natural therapeutic agents, Amla showed the highest
antibacterial activity followed by Triphala powder, Bahera and Harad. In case of antifungal activity, it was Bahera
which showed the highest activity against the test organisms taken; followed by Amla, Harad and Triphala powder.
Green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles using plant derived bio-active components is an economical, eco-friendly
and simple method in the synthesis route. Plant extracts contain diverse chemical compounds such as proteins,
carbohydrates, alkaloids, tannins, phenolics, oils and saponins which have medicinal value and the same can act as
reducing and capping agent for the nanoparticles synthesis. Bimetallic NPs possessed better antimicrobial activity
as compared to monometallic NPs. Gram negative (E. coli and P. aeruginosa) bacteria were more susceptible to
gram positive (S. aureus and B. subtilis) bacteria. The order for antibacterial efficacies was as follows:
Ag@AuNPs > AgNPs > AuNPs. In case of antifungal activities, AuNPs were better than AgNPs i.e. the order was
Ag@AuNPs > AuNPs > AgNPs. A. niger was most susceptible as compared to A. flavus and C. albicans to the
action of these plant derived therapeutic agents.