Study on distribution of Salmonella enterica serotypes in poultry farms of Jammu
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Date
2021-09-22
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Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Jammu (J&K)
Abstract
Salmonellosis is a major public health concern worldwide and poultry is one of the largest reservoirs of Salmonella. In this regard, the present study identified the serotypes of Salmonella circulating in the poultry farms of Jammu region, Jammu and Kashmir. A total of 101 samples of poultry droppings from 30 poultry farms were processed for Salmonella isolation. Out of 30 poultry farms, 5 poultry farms (16.67%) were positive for Salmonella. From 5 positive farms, 19 Salmonella isolates were obtained. 19 Salmonella isolates belonged to four serotypes viz., S. Kentucky, S. Infantis, S. Agona and S. Typhimurium. All positive farms were having independent operations and none of farms on contract with private company was positive. In antibiotic sensitivity assay, all isolates were resistant to ampicillin and tetracycline (100%). For other antibiotics, resistance pattern in descending order was doxycycline (94.73%) followed by nalidixic acid (73.64%), sulphadiazine (68.42%), gentamicin (26.31%), chloramphenicol (26.31%), ciprofloxacin (36.84%), cefotaxime (15.78%), ceftriaxone (15.78%) and cefoperazone (10.53). However, all 19 isolates were sensitive to amoxyclav. Serotypes differ in their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. S. Kentucky and S. Agona isolates have higher resistance for cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones than S. Infantis and S. Typhimurium. None of the poultry farms sampled in the study was using foot bath at the entry while 13 (43.3%) farms were using quick lime foot rub at the entrance. Majority of farms were using antibiotics for prevention and control of diseases on the farm. The study found the poultry being a reservoir of Salmonella in the region emphasizing the need to use intervention strategies at farm and from farm to fork to prevent non-typhoidal Salmonella infections in humans.