Study on occurrence and risk factors of Coxiella burnetii in bovine dairy farms of Jammu.
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Date
2021-10-05
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Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Jammu (J&K)
Abstract
Coxiella burnetii is a re-emerging infectious zoonotic pathogen, with bovines (cattle and buffalo) as primary reservoirs. Keeping in view, the present cross-sectional study was conducted in Jammu and a total of 360 BTM samples were collected out of which 93 BTM samples were found to be positive using I-ELISA kit. An overall prevalence of 25.83% was obtained with highest number from Bishnah (46.43%), followed by Akhnoor (36.73%), R.S. Pura (28%) and Jammu (14.47%). Prevalence in non- border areas and border areas were 25.56% and 26.11% respectively. Prevalence in bovine dairy farms where sale and purchase of animals took place was 40.65%, in exotic/hybrid cattle farms was 28.69% and farms with both cattle and buffalo was 32.38%. Univariable analysis revealed that large herd size, mixed farming, stall fed animals, presence of vermins, poor ventilation and drainage system, disposing manure within farm, poor hygienic practices, reproductive disorders were important risk factors whereas absence of ticks, use of acaricides, frequent floor disinfection and proper disposal of placenta were protective factors against C. burnetii infection.