Diagnostic and Therapeutic studies on fungal dermatitis in domestic animals and its zoonotic potential
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Date
2021-07-14
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Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Jammu (J&K)
Abstract
The study was conducted on the prevalence of fungal dermatitis in domestic animals and its zoonotic potential by screening a total of 212 dogs, 214 cattle, 100 equines and 24 animal handlers for dermatological lesions. All the animals were examined for the type and location of skin lesion along with detailed history recording using diagnostic tools like wood’s lamp, dermoscopy, trichogram, cytology and fungal culture to arrive at diagnosis. Blood samples were collected for hemato-biochemical, oxidative stress parameters and minerals analysis of healthy, affected and treatment groups. Two treatment trials were conducted in three different groups of fungal affected cattle and dogs. The overall prevalence of animals suspected for fungal dermatitis on the basis of clinical signs was 72.1, 59.6, 68 per cent in dogs, cattle & equines, respectively. The prevalence of dermatophytosis was 44.4, 58.10, 42.6 per cent in dogs, cattle and equines, respectively. Seasonal prevalence was higher during winter followed by summer in cattle and equines, while seasonal prevalence in dogs was highest during summer and monsoon. Prevalence of fungal dermatitis was high in young calves (43.24%), foals (36.76%), pups (39.86%) than adults. Sex wise prevalence was found more in females 81.08, 64.70 per cent in cattle and equines, respectively while it was more in male dogs (63.9%). The overall prevalence of dermatophytosis in animal handlers was 25 per cent. Significant changes in Hb, PCV, Platelets in fungal affected cattle whereas dogs showed significant change in Hb, PCV, TEC, PLT, lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes. Fungal affected equines showed significant change in Hb only. Significant change in TPP, ALB, GLB, A:G was observed in fungal affected animals and Significant decrease in SOD, GPx, CAT and increase in LPO was observed in fungal affected animals of all species. Ivermectin, levamisole and topical miconazole/chlorohexidine was found most effective treatment in fungal affected cattle. Itraconazole, levamisole and topical miconazole/ chlorohexidine showed fastest recovery in dermatophytosis affected dogs. Microsporum canis and M.vercosum were found to have highest zoonotic potential.