Variability and Management Studies of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Causing Anthracnose of Mango (Mangifera indica L.)
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Date
2021
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Publisher
MPUAT, Udaipur
Abstract
The present investigation was undertaken to investigate on Variabillity and
Management Studies of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Causing Anthracnose of
Mango (Mangifera indica L.). The investigation was purposed; isolation, purification,
identification, pathogenicity test, cultural, morphological and pathogenic variability,
effect of physiological parameters on pathogen and suitable management practices to
combat the disease through use of fungicides and phyto-extracts.
The disease samples of mango were collected around Udaipur district to
isolate the pathogen and pure culture obtained from it by using hyphal tip method.
Identification of the fungus was confirmed as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Further
conformation is done by proving pathogenicity on detached fruits of mango using
Koch’s postulates.
The fungus exhibited variability with respect to cultural and morphological
characters comprises growth, colony colour, sporulation, pigmentation, size and shape
of conidia. Among the cultural variations of isolates, maximum mycelial growth
(88.75 mm) was recorded in MCG-2 as greyish color colony, cottony growth with
greyish colour of pigmentation. The isolate MCG-2 also produced rapid and abundant
quantity of sporulation (30 x 104 ml-1). Morphological variability was exhibited, shape
of conidia varied from cylindirical, oval to dumbbell shaped with oil globule present
or not. The maximum length (11.91 μm) and width of conidia (4.77 μm) was recorded
in MCG-4.
Pathogenic variability among five isolates of C. gloeosporioides on
susceptible cultivar of mango fruits (Badam) was recorded. The isolate MCG-2 was
resulted highly virulent by causing maximum mean per cent disease incidence
(49.81%).
Physiological parameters such as temperature, light and pH exert remarkable
influence on the growth and sporulation of fungi. Maximum growth was recorded at
250C temperature with 90.00 mm of growth. Abundant sporulation was recorded at
250C and 300C. Maximum mycelial growth was recorded in transparent light (88.00 mm). Abundant sporulation was observed at transparent and black light/dark.
Maximum mycelial weight was observed at pH 5.5. Abundant sporulation was found
on pH 5, pH 5.5 and pH 6.
In vitro efficacy of seven fungicides on mycelial growth, spore germination
and sporulation of C. gloeosporioides was evaluated. Among them, Both
Hexaconazole 5 SC and Tebuconazole 25 EC completely inhibited the mycelial
growth and spore germination with 100 per cent inhibition at all the four
concentrations (100, 250, 500 and 750 ppm). In the matter of sporulation,
Hexacoazole 5 SC and Tebuconazole 25 EC completely restrict sporulation. Among
all the phytoextracts, Garlic clove was found most effective at all the three
concentrations (5.0, 10.0 and 15.0 per cent) with 100 per cent inhibition both in
mycelial growth and spore germination. In case of sporulation, Garlic clove
completely restrict sporulation.
Description
Variability and Management Studies Causing Anthracnose of Mango
Keywords
Citation
Gahlot D. And Meena N.L.