Characterization and diversity analysis in accessions of rice (Oryza sativa L.).
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Date
2021
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Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur
Abstract
The current investigation entitled“Characterization and diversity analysis in accessions of rice (OryzasativaL.).”was conducted by Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, IGKV, Raipur (Chhattisgarh) during Kharif2019 for characterization of rice germplasm based on morphological descriptors, genetic variation, correlation and path analysis and also assessment of genetic diversity by cluster analysis.The present study comprised of 46 germplasm accessions of Consortium Research Platform on Agrobiodiversity on Germplasm Characterization and Evaluation of rice along with 4 checks (Samleshwari, Rajeshwari, Maheshwari, Jaldubi) grown in randomized block design with two replications. On the basis of quantitative and qualitative traits of germplasm accessions, observations were recorded. The identification of germplasm accessions morphological markers are used in qualitative traits because they are less affected by other environmental factors. In the current study, among the qualitative traits recorded, Leaf intensity: green colour, leaf distribution: anthocyanin colouration, culm attitude, time of heading, spikelet colour of Stigma leaf sheath intensity of anthocyanin coloration, culm attitude, stem thickness, panicle secondary branching, panicle altitude of branches, panicle exertion, maturity time and leaf senescence was observed highest differences between accessions. The existence of variations of high significance among all the characters of rice genotypes considered for the present investigation was verified by ANOVA in RBD for fifty genotypes, indicated the presence of notable heterogeneity among rice genotypes for the characteristics mentioned above. In quantitative and qualitative characters, majority of significant was observed in genetic variability parameters. The maximum grain yield per plant was observed in Maheshwari (69.5 g) and minimum is EC 763505 (16.53 g).The maximum harvest index percentage is forEC 763524 (137.28) and minimum forEC 763463 (32.62).A high heritability and substantial genetic advance was noticed for biological yield followed by harvest index, grain yield per plant, effective tillers per plant, days to 50 percent flowering and number of filled grains per panicle. The important and positivecorrelation of grain yield per plant associated with days to 50 percent flowering, length of panicle, height of plant, total tillers per plant, efficient tillers per plant and number of filled grains per panicle were found in the correlation study. In cluster analysis, 50 germplasm accessions are distributed into 5 clusters. The cluster set pattern shows the continuation of a significant amount of heterogeneity. Highest intra cluster distance found in cluster II (5379.437) after that cluster IV (4659.649) and cluster I (4185.2111). Average highest inter cluster distance observed in between cluster IV and cluster II (4595.319) followed by between cluster II and cluster I (4532.558) and cluster V and cluster II (4382.804). The current study has now established the presence of intrinsic heterogeneity in rice accessions that could be used for the exploitation of variability explicitly or by projects of crop enhancement breeding programme.
Description
Characterization and diversity analysis in accessions of rice
(Oryza sativa L.).