Economic and marketing status of pig farming in punjab
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Date
2020
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Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana
Abstract
Livestock sector contributes about 25.80 per cent and 38.77 per cent of agricultural gross domestic product in India and Punjab respectively. Pig production is an important occupation of rural agricultural society of Punjab. Per cent share of pig meat production to total meat production in Punjab is 0.47 per cent in 2019. So, there is wide opportunity in Punjab to further enhance the commercialised pork production for gaining self sufficiency in pork production. The present study was conducted in three districts of Punjab state namely, Ludhiana, Mohali and Sangrur with highest concentration of pig population. Sample size of total of 82 รข pig breeding-cum-finisher units categorised into small (less than 10 sows), medium (10-25 sows) and large (above 25 sows) farms and 10 middleman for marketing pattern were selected for detailed primary study. The present study unravels the net return/animal/month was ` 1,677.09, ` 3,632.55 and ` 5,573.72 in small, medium and large category. Majority of the pig farmers (94 per cent) in Punjab were found selling live pigs whereas 3.66 per cent and 2.34 per cent were found selling pig meat and pig meat products respectively. The marketed surplus was 98.00 percent, 99.00 per cent and 99.50 per cent in small, medium and large category respectively. Marketing efficiency was found higher in channel 1 (farmer- farmer) i.e. 12.79. 100 per cent of the small and large farmers and 95.83 per cent of medium farmershad access to market information. Basis of sale was found to be live weight (79.27 per cent). 100 per cent of the farmers were found selling pigs to the unregulated market. Costly feed and inadequate access to credit were the main production constraint faced by sampled pig farmers. Less price of pork meat, lack of proper market and distant market were main marketing constraints faced by small, medium and large farmers respectively. Pig farming is a social taboo, so there is need to start awareness campaigning. Subsidy and loan should be easily available for pig farmers. There is need to increase adoption of value addition among pig farmers for more profits. There should be system for waste disposal in Punjab so that pig manure does not pose any environmental problems and there should be quarantine measures kept at each pig farm so as to prevent the zoonotic diseases.
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