Development of microbial consortia for the management of corm rot of saffron

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Date
2021-09
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Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu
Abstract
In order to develop the bio-formulations of beneficial microbial consortia for the management of corm rot and growth promotion traits in saffron, compatibility assay was conducted. Trichoderma asperellum, when grown individually exhibited the maximum mycelial growth of 90.00, 89.62±0.47 and 24.96±0.41 mm, on Potato dextrose agar, Nutrient agar and PDA:NA (50:50), respectively after 7 days of inoculation. Whereas, mycelial growth of Trichoderma asperellum was restricted to 55.75±6.65, 50.50±5.06 and 12.53±0.45 mm; 53.00±6.21, 47.75±1.25 and 12.81±0.37 mm, and 20.43±0.43, 18.43±0.51 and 8.05±0.72 mm, on Potato dextrose agar, Nutrient agar and PDA :NA (50:50), respectively, in the presence of P. fluorescence, B. subtilis and P. fluorescens + B. subtilis, respectively, after 7 days of inoculation. Under pot studies, a minimum corm rot incidence of 25.12 per cent corresponding with a maximum reduction in corm rot (69.73%) was recorded when the corms were treated with the combination of T. asperellum, P. fluorescence and B. subtilis @ 5 g/kg of corms. Whereas, maximum corm rot incidence of 83.00 per cent was observed in the control (without any treatment). Maximum average length of shoots (73.66±0.57 mm) was recorded when the corms were treated with T. asperellum + P. fluorescens + B. subtilis @ 5g/kg of corm, whereas, minimum average shoot length of 15.00±3.00 mm was recorded in control. Similarly, maximum average number of shoots (8.33±0.57) was also observed in the treatment T7, whereas, minimum average number of shoots (1.00±0.46) was recorded in control. Further, combination of T. asperellum + P. fluorescens + B. subtilis @ 5g/kg of corm also resulted in maximum contents of chlorophyll ‘a’, ‘b’ and ‘tc’ to the time of 2.75 ± 0.10, 1.05±0.04 and 3.14±0.12 mg-1, respectively, and the maximum phenol content of 34.96 μg g-1. In developed bioformulation of microbial consortia, population of P. fluorescence and B. subtilis remained viable by 54 and 63.1 per cent, respectively up to 90 days, and there after the viability decreased consistently from 35 to 23 per cent in case of B. subtilis and 45-16 per cent in P. fluorescence.
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