COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF DIFFERENT TILLAGE-CUM-CROP ESTABLISHMENT PRACTICES AND CROP RESIDUE MANAGEMENT FOR WHEAT CROP UNDER COMBINE HARVESTED RICE FIELD IN CHHATTISHGARH
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Date
2021
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Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) and wheat (Tricticumaestivum) cropping system is the most extensively cultivated cereal crop in India and other countries. The major problem of this cropping system is the management of crop residue after the harvesting. In the present study different farm machines were used to assess the impact of crop residue management on crop productivity. Farm machines such ashappy seeder (T1), mulcher + zero till seed cum fertilizer drill (T2), zero till seed cum fertilizer drill (T3), rotavator + seed fertilizer drill (T4), cultivator + seed fertilizer drill (T5) were used in randomized block design with five treatments and four replications.
Machine parameters such as speed of operation, effective field capacity and fuel consumption were found highest 4.2 km/h, 0.48 ha/h and 13.25 l/h in rotavator +SFD, cultivator +SFD and rotavator +SFD while lowest 2.5 km/h, 0.32 ha/h and 2.43 l/hwere found in happy seeder and ZTSFD, respectively. In residue parameter i.e. percent reduction in length of straw and incorporation of straw was observed higher in mulcher + ZTSFD and rotavator +SFD as compared to other machines. Moisture content of the straw remains almost same throughout all field of experiment.Soil parameters such as bulk density and pH were found highest 1.31 g/cm3 and 7.54 in cultivator + SFD. The crop parameters i.e.plant height, leaf area index and straw grain ratio were found no significant difference between the treatments. The highest crop yield was observed to be 23.70 q/ha in happy seeder treatment and the lowest was observed 22.60 q/ha in cultivator +SFD treatment. The total cost of operation for treatment T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 were calculated as 2121.463215.91,1178.39, 3087.13and 1926.92 ₹/ha, respectively. From all the treatments the lowest operational cost was found in ZTSFD because there is no requirement for tillage practice.
Keywords: crop residue management, happy seeder, mulcher, rotavator, crop yield, straw grain ratio.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) and wheat (Tricticumaestivum) cropping system is the most extensively cultivated cereal crop in India and other countries. The major problem of this cropping system is the management of crop residue after the harvesting. In the present study different farm machines were used to assess the impact of crop residue management on crop productivity. Farm machines such ashappy seeder (T1), mulcher + zero till seed cum fertilizer drill (T2), zero till seed cum fertilizer drill (T3), rotavator + seed fertilizer drill (T4), cultivator + seed fertilizer drill (T5) were used in randomized block design with five treatments and four replications.
Machine parameters such as speed of operation, effective field capacity and fuel consumption were found highest 4.2 km/h, 0.48 ha/h and 13.25 l/h in rotavator +SFD, cultivator +SFD and rotavator +SFD while lowest 2.5 km/h, 0.32 ha/h and 2.43 l/hwere found in happy seeder and ZTSFD, respectively. In residue parameter i.e. percent reduction in length of straw and incorporation of straw was observed higher in mulcher + ZTSFD and rotavator +SFD as compared to other machines. Moisture content of the straw remains almost same throughout all field of experiment.Soil parameters such as bulk density and pH were found highest 1.31 g/cm3 and 7.54 in cultivator + SFD. The crop parameters i.e.plant height, leaf area index and straw grain ratio were found no significant difference between the treatments. The highest crop yield was observed to be 23.70 q/ha in happy seeder treatment and the lowest was observed 22.60 q/ha in cultivator +SFD treatment. The total cost of operation for treatment T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 were calculated as 2121.463215.91,1178.39, 3087.13and 1926.92 ₹/ha, respectively. From all the treatments the lowest operational cost was found in ZTSFD because there is no requirement for tillage practice.
Keywords: crop residue management, happy seeder, mulcher, rotavator, crop yield, straw grain ratio.
Description
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF DIFFERENT TILLAGE-CUM-CROP ESTABLISHMENT PRACTICES AND CROP RESIDUE MANAGEMENT FOR WHEAT CROP UNDER COMBINE HARVESTED RICE FIELD IN CHHATTISHGARH