Character Association and Genetic Divergence in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Date
2021-12-31
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MPUAT, Udaipur
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Character Association and Genetic Divergence in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)’’ was carried out with 116 genotypes (including four checks) during Kharif, 2017 at the Instructional Farm, College of Technology and Engineering (CTAE), Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur. The genotypes were planted in augmented randomized block design. The observations were recorded for 13 characters viz., initiation of pegging, duration between flowering to pegging, plant height, number of primary branch per plant, sound mature kernel (%), shelling percentage (%), dry pod yield per plant, 100- kernels weight, biological yield per plant and harvest index on five randomly selected plants from each genotype in each rows, while days to 50 per cent flowering and days to maturity and oil content were recorded on plot basis and average values were subjected to analysis variability parameters, correlation coefficients, path coefficients and genetic divergence. The estimates of genotypic parameters revealed that the phenotypic coefficient of variation along with least difference from genotypic coefficient of variation observed for characters viz., number of branches per plant (GCV 15.05% and PCV 15.23%), 100-kernel weight (GCV 10.37% and PCV 10.66%), dry pod yield per plant (GCV 15.59% and PCV 15.71%), oil content % (GCV 10.42% and PCV 10.42%), sound mature kernels (GCV 4.89% and PCV 5.15%), harvesting index (GCV 17.33% and PCV 17.96%), biological yield per plant (GCV 10.20% and PCV 10.64%) indicating that without much influence of environment, entire genetic determinants are translated into phenotype. Maximum heritability was observed for oil content followed by dry pod yield per plant, number of branches per plant, 100-kernel weight (g), harvesting index, biological yield per plant and sound mature kernel percent. While maximum genetic gain was observed for harvesting index followed by dry pod yield per plant, number of branches per plant, 100-kernal weight, oil content, biological yield per plant. In general, moderate to high heritability coupled with moderate to high genetic gain indicated the involvement of additive gene action, indicating scope of improvement in these traits through selection. Association estimates revealed that dry pod yield per plant showed positive and significant correlation with number of branches per plant, 100-kernel weight, harvesting index and oil content at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Correlation for dry pod yield per plant was divided into direct and indirect effects of different characters. Highest positive direct effect on dry pod yield was exhibited by days to 50% flowering followed by biological yield per plant, harvesting index and sound mature kernels. While, high indirect effect on dry pod yield was exhibited positive and negative through other character. On the basis of present study, the genotype Genotypes G-10, G-20, G-17, G- 99 and G-93 were found to have considerably higher means values for the traits dry pod yield per plant. Hence emphasis should be given to utilize these genotypes in further breeding programme. On the basis of divergence studies, it was concluded that there was no relationship between genotypes and geographical origin. All genotypes group into VII cluster having maximum inter- cluster distance with genotypes of cluster III. Hence genotypes of these clusters with per se performance could be utilized in breeding programmes. Genetically diverse and high yielding genotypes of groundnut G-10, G-17, G-93 and G-6 could be used for breeding programme so as to ameliorate the productivity of groundnut
Description
Character Association and Genetic Divergence in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
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Meena V.S. And Singh P.B.
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