Organic Cultivation of Capsicum (Capsicum annuum var. grossum)
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Date
2015
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SKUAST Kashmir
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2014-2015 at Experimental Farm of Division of Vegetable Science, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar Campus to find out the effect of organic manures and bio-fertilizers on growth, yield, quality and seed production of Capsicum besides to work out their effects on soil health. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with three types of both organic manures and bio-fertilizers replicated thrice along with control and recommended dose as par package of practice constituting 14 treatments combinations in all. Observations were recorded on various aspects like plant height, plant spread, days to first flowering, days to first fruit set, number of fruits plant-1, fruit width, fruit length, fruit weight, days to first fruit harvest, fruit yield plant-1, fruit yield plot-1, total fruit yield hactare-1, number of seeds fruit-1, 100 seed weight, seed yield plant-1 besides this, quality parameters like vitamin C content, dry matter, total chlorophyll content, total soluble solids, total carotenoids and soil analysis for knowing available N P K status and microbial count were also analyzed.
Treatment T14 (Recommended dose as per package of practice) recorded maximum plant height (70.20 cm), plant spread (49.25 cm), fruit width (7.23 cm), fruit length (6.10 cm) and fruit weight (54.67 g). Maximum number of fruit plant-1 (13.20), highest fruit yield plant-1, plot-1 and hectare-1 was 0.722 kg, 17.334 kg and 256.806 q respectively were recorded in treatment T14 followed by treatment T7 (Vermicompost @12 t ha-1 + Azotobacter) which recorded 12.66 fruit plant-1, 0.647 kg fruit yield plant-1, 15.541 kg fruit yield plot-1 and 230.245 q fruit yield ha-1. Treatment T14 also recorded maximum number of seeds fruit-1 (227.66), 100 seed weight (0.92 g) and seed yield plant-1 (20.98 g).The same treatment plants took least number of days to first flowering (41.13), days to first fruit set (50.26) and days to first fruit harvest (78.00) from the time of transplanting followed by treatment T7 (42.00, 51.00 and 80.00 days respectively).
Among sole application of organic manures, treatment T2 (vermicompost @ 12 t ha-1) recorded maximum plant height (46.00 cm), plant spread (33.16 cm), fruit weight (50.17 g), fruit length (5.40 cm), fruit width (6.13 cm), number of fruit plant-1 (12.13), fruit yield plant-1 (0.608 g), fruit yield plot-1 (14.606 kg), and fruit yield (216.374 q ha-1). While in combined application of organic manures and bio-fertilizers, treatment T7 (Vermicompost @ 12 t ha-1 + Azotobacter) recorded maximum plant height (62.00 cm), plant spread (46.50 cm), fruit length (5.90 cm), fruit width (6.66 cm), fruit weight (51.14 g), number of fruit plant-1 (12.66), highest fruit yield plant-1 (0.647 g), fruit yield plot-1 (15.541 kg), fruit yield (230.245 ha-1) and treatment T8 (Vermicompost @ 12 ha-1 + PSB) recorded maximum number of seeds fruit-1 (212.66), 100 seed weight (0.92 g) and seed yield plant-1 (17.96 g).
Bio-fertilizers in combination with organic manures showed beneficial effect on quality attributes of capsicum and soil health. Treatment T7 (Vermicompost @ 12 t ha-1 + Azotobacter) proven better in recorded maximum vitamin C content (127.50 mg/100 g), dry matter (10.16 g), total chlorophyll content (161.083 mg/100 g), total soluble solids (4.98oBrix) and total carotenoids (0.766 mg/100g).Individually Azotobacter, PSB and KSB in combination with organic manures significantly enhanced soil available N, P and K status respectively over to treatment T14 (Recommended dose as per package of practice). Individually Azotobacter, PSB and KSB with farmyard manure significantly enhanced soil organic Carbon and microbial population over to treatment T14 (Recommended dose as per package of practice).
Description
M.Sc Thesis submitted to SKUAST Kashmir
Keywords
Bio-fertilizers Capsicum, Growth Organic manure, Seed production, Vegetable Science