EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SPENT MUSHROOM SUBSTRATES AND OTHER NUTRIENT SOURCES ON GROWTH YIELD AND QUALITY OF PEA (Pisum sativum L.)
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Date
2021-05
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UHF,NAUNI
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The present study entitled “Effect of different spent mushroom substrates and other nutrient sources on
growth, yield and quality of pea (Pisum sativum L.)” was carried out at the Experimental Farm, Department of
Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni
Solan, (HP) in two successive seasons i.e. rabi 2018-19 and 2019-20. The experiment was laid out in
Randomised Complete Block Design with three replications comprising of thirteen treatment combinations of
inorganic fertilizer, different spent mushroom substrates (button, shitake and oyster mushroom spent substrates)
and biofertilizers (PSB, RZB) inoculation through seed and soil application. The treatments were T1: RPF: RDF-
(N 25: P 60: K 60) + FYM 20t/ha, T2: 80 % RDF + 20 % RDF (On N eq basis through button mushroom waste),
T3: 80 % RDF + 20 % RDF (On N eq basis through button mushroom waste) + PSB + RZB, T4: 60 % RDF + 40
% RDF (On N eq basis through button mushroom waste), T5: 60 % RDF + 40 % RDF (On N eq basis through
button mushroom waste) + PSB + RZB, T6: 80 % RDF + 20 % RDF (On N eq basis through shitake mushroom
waste), T7: 80 % RDF + 20 % RDF (On N eq basis through shitake mushroom waste) + PSB + RZB, T8: 60 %
RDF + 40 % RDF (On N eq basis through shitake mushroom waste), T9: 60 % RDF + 40 % RDF (On N eq
basis through shitake mushroom waste) + PSB + RZB, T10: 80 % RDF + 20 % RDF (On N eq basis through
oyster mushroom waste), T11: 80 % RDF + 20 % RDF (On N eq basis through oyster mushroom waste) + PSB +
RZB, T12: 60 % RDF + 40 % RDF (On N eq basis through oyster mushroom waste, T13: 60 % RDF + 40 % RDF
(On N eq basis through oyster mushroom waste) + PSB + RZB. Bio-inoculated/un-inoculated pea seeds as per
treatment combination were sown at a spacing of 60 × 7.5 cm. Different spent mushroom substrate and
biofertilizers amended treatment combinations significantly influenced yield (green pod & seed) and plant
growth attributes of pea crop. The treatment combination which comprised of 80 % RDF + 20 % RDF on N eq.
basis through button mushroom substrate (T3) resulted in plants which had maximum plant height (110.80 cm),
number of branches (4.77), pod length (6.61 cm), pod diameter (1.23 cm), pod weight (6.56 g), number of grains
per pod (8.32), number of pods per plant (28.37), green pod yield per plant (135.24 g), yield per hectare (176.95
q) with shelling of 43.54 per cent. This treatment combination also resulted in higher seed yield and good
quality parameters viz. seed yield per hectare (18.91q), 100 seed weight (16.47 g), germination (94.63 %), seed
vigour index-I (1821.90), and seed vigour index-II (3819.50) and minimum severity of leaf blight (9.10 %).
After harvesting of the crop soil analysis also revealed that maximum availability of N: P: K (413.95: 55.20:
413.98 kg/ha) were in treatment T3 (80 % RDF + 20 % RDF on N eq. basis through button mushroom waste +
PSB + RZB) with an increase of 30.73, 62.07 and 29.99 per cent, respectively over the recommended practice
(316.64: 34.06: 318.46 kg/ha). The annual net return over the two years of study was found significantly highest
(Rs 220868.33 per hectare) with a B: C ratio of 3.52 in the same treatment. The experimental findings have
proved the utility of SMS as an important source of nutrients in cultivation of pea. On the basis of two years
study, it can be concluded that treatment combination T3 (80 % RDF + 20 % RDF on N eq. basis through spent
button mushroom substrate + PSB + RZB) resulted in saving of 20 % fertilizers (NPK), better growth,
improved yield and net returns.